The effect of manganese supplementation on its concentrations in blood, hair, and organs of goat kids

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with an organic form of manganese on its concentration in blood, hair, and organs of goat kids. A total of 27 kids were divided into control and experimental groups on the day of their birth (Day 1). The kids were on mother's milk only diet until the day of weaning (Day 70). After weaning the kids received pellets at doses 0.3 kg/head/day for next 70 days. The control group received pellets (manganese content 36.7 mg/kg) and the experimental group received pellets with extra manganese addition in the form of manganese proteinate at the amount of 220 mg/kg. Blood samples were taken on days 1, 70, 105, and 140; hair samples on days 1, 70, and 140. At the end of experiment, 7 kids from each group were slaughtered and samples of heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, muscle, and brain were taken. Manganese concentration was determined from fresh tissues after microwave digestion by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Kids of the experimental group had a significantly higher manganese concentration in the liver (4.90 vs. 3.06 mg/kg), heart (0.47 vs 0.28 mg/kg), kidney (1.29 vs. 0.87 mg/kg), brain (0.33 vs 0.26 mg/kg), and hair (4.25 vs. 3.14 mg/kg) compared to the control group. The manganese concentration in blood was not affected by supplementation. Results of this study indicate that using the mentioned organs and hair for evaluation of the manganese status in an organism is more suitable than the determination of manganese concentration in blood.

The effects of high dose of two manganese supplements (organic and inorganic) on the rumen microbial ecosystem

“…Possible reasons may be that they form fewer complexes with other components of food, or they are less likely to cause adverse effects in the digestive tract [ 9 ]. The organic forms of Mn could have a more extensive use, and therefore, they can be added in smaller amounts to feed, since such Mn is more absorbed and is also less likely to be removed from the body, thus leading to less accumulation in the environment [ 10 ].…”

An Investigation on Serum Mineral Levels of Healthy Norduz and Hair Goats Raised in Semi-Intensive Conditions

“…Furthermore, Fathy Nawito et al (2015) demonstrated Fe, Cu and Zn levels as 4.91±0.09 ppm, 0.49±0.05 ppm, 4.65±0.24 ppm in non-pregnant goats reared in South Sinai, Egypt, respectively. In a study on experimental doses of Mn in kids, the average of blood Mg level of 140 th day was 3.14±0.19 mg/kg in the control group (Pitropovska et al, 2014). In another study where high dose of Pb investigated, Pb levels of blood in Red Sokoto goats grazed freely on open pastures in Zaria changed between 0.26 mg/L and 1.56 mg/L while the mean value of 0.89±0.43 mg/L.…”

The evaluation of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se concentrations in the hair of South American camelids

“…Hair analysis has been studied in various animal species: livestock (Combs 1987;Christodoulopoulos et al 2003;Cygan-Szczegielniak et al 2014), sheep (Hawkins and Ragnarsdottir 2009), goats Pitropovska et al 2014 SD -standard deviation, C -colour; * Significance P ≤ 0.05, *** Significance P ≤ 0.001, ns -not significant , camels (Faye and Seboussi 2009), mule deer (Roug et al 2015), horse (Dunnett and Lees 2003;Asano et al 2005) and seals (Ikemoto et al 2004). Some of these studies show the diagnostic potential of hair analysis.…”

“…Roug et al (2015) report a Mn concentration of 0.02-120.0 mg/kg DM in mule deer hair. Pitropovska et al (2014) found 3.14 ± 0.19 and 4.25 ± 0.36 mg/kg DM in kids of white short haired goats with different supplementations of manganese. These lower values are corresponding with our values for white haired llamas, supporting our finding of a significant effect of colour on the concentration of Mn in hair.…”

“…However, this method has limitations in the monitoring of live animals as the liver biopsy is required. Similarly, liver tissue is recommended for the evaluation of manganese content in the body as manganese concentration in blood is a poor indicator of the body's status (Pitropovska et al 2014). The concentration of zinc in plasma is widely used for monitoring the Zn content in the body; however, Clauss et al (2004) recommend the use of hair samples as well.…”