The effect of liming on cadmium, lead, and zinc uptake reduction by spring wheat grown in contaminated soil

Abstract

For characterization of the ability of crops to reflect changing soil properties after the addition of ameliorative materials into the soil both pot and rhizobox experiments were provided. In the pot experiment, the influence of the addition of lime and limestone into contaminated Cambisol containing 7.14 mg Cd/kg, 2174 mg Pb/kg, and 270 mg Zn/kg on element availability for spring wheat was tested. The ameliorative materials were added into the pots containing 5 kg of soil in amount of 3 g CaO, and 5.36 g CaCO 3 per kg of the soil. Soil pH reached up to 7.3 in lime treatments compared to 5.7 in control soil. Mobile portion of soil elements (0.01 mol/l CaCl 2 extractable) dropped by 80% for Zn, 50% for Cd, and 20% for Pb, respectively. In both straw and grains of wheat reduced content of elements was observed in limed pots compared to the control ones. For a detailed characterization of the influence of root exudates on the strength of developed complexes in comparison with the bulk soil, short-term rhizobox experiment was set up under identical soil and lime treatments. Generally, the results of rhizobox experiment confirmed the findings from the pot experiment discussed above. Content of elements in shoots and roots of wheat dropped mainly in the case of Cd and Pb. Soil mobile portion of all three tested elements introduced clear depletion curve in control treatment, both limed treatments showed high stability of element complexes almost unaffected by wheat roots.

Acquisition and Homeostasis of Iron in Higher Plants and Their Probable Role in Abiotic Stress Tolerance

“…Therefore, an adequate and balanced supply of nutrients at the correct time is required for the proper growth and development of plants, maintenance of better soil fertility, and preservation of an intensive cropping system to maintain the global food production, particularly in developing countries (Dordas, 2009;Hansch and Mendel, 2009;Sarwar et al, 2010;Moharana et al, 2012;Waraich et al, 2012). In addition, studies also showed that an exogenous supply of nutrients plays a crucial role in the enhancement of plant tolerance against various abiotic stresses (Pankovic et al, 2000;Hassan et al, 2005;Tlustos et al, 2006;Dheri et al, 2007;Sarwar et al, 2010). Some Abbreviations: DMAS, deoxymugineic acid synthase; FRO, ferric-chelate reductase oxidase; HA, H + -ATPase; IRT, iron-regulated transporter; MAs, mugineic acid family phytosiderophores; NA, nicotianamine; NAAT, nicotianamine aminotransferase; NAS, nicotianamine synthase; PEZ, PHENOLICS EFFLUX ZERO; SAM, S-adenosyl-L-methionine; TOM1, transporter of mugineic acid family phytosiderophores 1; YS1/YSL, YELLOW STRIPE 1/YELLOW STRIPE 1-like.…”

Agricultural Methods for Toxicity Alleviation in Metal Contaminated Soils: A Review

“…Cattani et al (2008) reported that application of lime decreased the Cd concentration in rice by 25%. Uptake of metals such as Cd, Zn and Pb by wheat has also been reported to be decreased by the addition of lime (Tlustoš et al, 2006). However, reports are also available on little or no effect of liming on Cd uptake by crops (Shaha et al, 2012).…”

“…Metal uptake by crops could effectively be minimized through alteration of some physical and chemical characteristics of soil such as pH, redox potential, cation exchange capacity, composition and concentration of humic substances etc., which have influence on immobilization of toxic elements in soil (Tlustoš et al, 2006). It has been frequently reported that lime, phosphates, or organic matter residues could be employed in altering the metal immobilization in soils subsequently reducing the plant uptake (Bolan and Duraisamy, 2003).…”

Investigate the influence of halloysite and activated carbon mixtures in phytostabilization of Pb-contaminated soil with Lolium perenne L.

“…The most signifi cant decrease in calcium content was observed in soil to which the lowest dose of lead 200 mg·kg -1 was applied. Tlustoš et al (2006) claims that the use of calcium oxide as a soil amendment increased calcium levels in spring wheat plants grown in soil contaminated with heavy metals.…”