The effect of limb dominance on change of direction biomechanics: A systematic review of its importance for injury risk

Dos’Santos, Thomas; Bishop, Chris; Thomas, Christopher R.; Comfort, Paul; Jones, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.04.005

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…In accordance with the methods of Dos’Santos et al [ 45 ] and Brown et al [ 46 ], assessment of methodological quality was conducted on the 23 studies deemed eligible for inclusion in this review and is presented in Table 1 . Of the 23 studies, the mean methodological quality score was 11.86 (66%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An assessment of study quality was conducted as per previously established methods [ 45 , 46 ] using the modified scale constructed by Brown et al [ 46 ]. This is deemed to be more suitable for assessing the methodological quality of COD studies due to the omission of criteria such as random allocation, assessor blinding and subject blinding that are present in more commonly used scales such as the Cochrane or Delphi, Physiotherapy, Evidence Database scales.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical Determinants of Knee Joint Loads Associated with Increased Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading During Cutting: A Systematic Review and Technical Framework

et al. 2020

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Background Cutting actions are associated with non-contact ACL injuries in multidirectional sports due to the propensity to generate large multiplanar knee joint loads (KJLs) that have the capacity to increase ACL loading and strain. Numerous studies have investigated the biomechanical determinants of KJLs in cutting tasks. The aim of this systematic review was to comprehensively review the literature regarding biomechanical determinants of KJLs during cutting, in order to develop a cutting technical framework alongside training recommendations for practitioners regarding KJL mitigation. Methods Databases (SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and PubMed) were systematically searched using a combination of the following terms: “Biomechanical determinants”, or “Knee abduction moment”, or “Technical determinants”, or “Knee loading”, or “Knee loads”, or “Mechanical determinants”, or “ACL strain”, or “Knee adduction moment”, or “Anterior tibial shear”, or “Knee internal rotation moment”, or “Knee valgus moment” AND “Change of direction”, or “Cutting manoeuvre”, or “Run and cut”, or “Run-and-cut”, or “Sidestepping”, or “Side-stepping”, or “Shuttle run”. Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies examining a cutting task < 110° with a preceding approach run that examined biomechanical determinants of KJLs using three-dimensional motion analysis. Results The search returned 6404 possibly eligible articles, and 6 identified through other sources. Following duplicate removal, 4421 titles and abstracts were screened, leaving 246 full texts to be screened for inclusion. Twenty-three full texts were deemed eligible for inclusion and identified numerous determinants of KJLs; 11 trunk, 11 hip, 7 knee, 3 multiplanar KJLs, 5 foot/ankle and 7 identifying ground reaction forces (GRFs) as determinants of KJLs. Conclusion Using the framework developed from the results, cutting KJLs can be mitigated through the following: reducing lateral foot-plant distances, thus lowering hip abduction and orientating the foot closer to neutral with a mid-foot or forefoot placement strategy; minimising knee valgus and hip internal rotation angles and motion at initial contact (IC) and weight acceptance (WA); avoiding and limiting lateral trunk flexion and attempt to maintain an upright trunk position or trunk lean into the intended direction; and finally, reducing GRF magnitude during WA, potentially by attenuation through increased knee flexion and emphasising a greater proportion of braking during the penultimate foot contact (PFC).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Determinants of Knee Joint Loads Associated with Increased Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading During Cutting: A Systematic Review and Technical Framework

et al. 2020

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“…The authors concluded that leg dominance could affect COD ability among young soccer players. However, considering leg dominance (i.e., kicking limb) instead of preferred direction (e.g., turning toward left or right) may lead to misinterpretations of potential bilateral differences because athletes do not necessarily perform faster COD with the kicking limb (Dos'Santos et al, 2019a;Dos'Santos et al, 2017). Moreover, no comparison was made between the COD deficit and total time (Dos'Santos et al, 2019a;Dos'Santos et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soccer is a single-leg-dominant sport, which often exacerbates the use of a specific body side or a preferred path to change direction, especially in young players ( Rouissi et al, 2016a ; Rouissi et al, 2016b ). The presence of such a bilateral difference in young players reflects the presence of an asymmetry that should be quantified from both performance and injury risk perspectives ( Dos’Santos et al, 2019a ; Hart et al, 2014 ). Indeed, an inability to move efficiently in one direction as opposed to another could impede a player’s movement and performance within the pitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change of direction asymmetry across different age categories in youth soccer

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Rossi

Dos’Santos

et al. 2020

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Background In youth, the development of change of direction (COD) and sprint performance is a key component for successfully competing in soccer across age. During a COD, the presence of directional asymmetries may be detrimental due to the unpredictable nature of the sport. Therefore, the aims of the study were to investigate asymmetries in COD ability and to examine the differences in COD and sprint performance across age in young soccer players. Methods Sixty-eight sub-elite soccer players of different age categories (U18, U17, U16, U15) were tested on a 10-m linear sprint test and 90°COD (5-m entry and exit) test in both directions. Asymmetric index (AI) of COD deficit was obtained for dominant (fastest) and non-dominant directions (slowest). Results The results showed that U16 were more asymmetrical than U18, U17, and U15 from large to moderate effects. The sprint time improved linearly across age with U18 and U15 displaying the fastest and slowest 10-m sprint performance (p < 0.01), respectively. Moreover, COD ability measured by COD deficit did not change across age (p > 0.05). Conclusion Given the results of this study, practitioners are encouraged to assess asymmetries between dominant and non-dominant directions rather than solely players’ COD ability in young soccer players.

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“…Many studies equal a subject’s kicking leg with his/her dominant leg [ 49 – 51 ]. However, often this is not necessarily equivalent to the stronger or more skillful leg [ 52 ]. Also, in sports with repetitive and alternating movements, e.g., running or cycling, bilateral asymmetries are apparent [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Exercise-Induced Fatigue on Inter-Limb Asymmetries: a Systematic Review

2020

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Background Non-contact injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament ruptures often occur during physical load toward the end of a match. This is ascribed to emerging processes due to exercise-induced fatigue. Moreover, non-contact injuries often occur during dynamic actions such as landing or cutting movements. Inter-limb asymmetries are suggested as one possible cause for those injuries based on findings indicating that asymmetries between limbs are associated with a higher injury risk. Hence, assessing inter-limb asymmetry during physical load in the condition of exercise-induced fatigue is warranted to identify potentially relevant precursors for non-contact injuries. Objective The objective of this study was to overview the current state of evidence concerning the influence of exercise-induced fatigue on inter-limb asymmetries through a systematic review. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using the databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SURF, and SPONET to identify studies that assessed inter-limb asymmetries of healthy people, calculated with an asymmetry equation, before and after, or during a loading protocol. Results Thirteen studies were included in the systematic review. The loading protocols involved running, race walking, jumping, squatting, soccer, rowing, and combinations of different exercises. Moreover, different tasks/procedures were used to assess inter-limb asymmetries, e.g., squats, single-leg countermovement jumps, gait analysis, or isokinetic strength testing. The results seem to depend on the implemented loading protocol, the tasks/procedures, and the measured parameters. Conclusions Future research needs more systematization and consistency, assessing the effect of exercise-induced fatigue on inter-limb asymmetries. Moreover, the emergence of inter-limb asymmetries should be regarded in the context of sport-specific movements/tasks. Testing before, after, and during a physical loading protocol is advisable to consider the influence of exercise-induced fatigue on sport-specific tasks and to identify the possible mechanisms underlying load-dependent inter-limb asymmetries with regard to risk of non-contact injury.

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The effect of limb dominance on change of direction biomechanics: A systematic review of its importance for injury risk

Cited by 52 publications

References 141 publications

Biomechanical Determinants of Knee Joint Loads Associated with Increased Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading During Cutting: A Systematic Review and Technical Framework

Biomechanical Determinants of Knee Joint Loads Associated with Increased Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading During Cutting: A Systematic Review and Technical Framework

Change of direction asymmetry across different age categories in youth soccer

The Influence of Exercise-Induced Fatigue on Inter-Limb Asymmetries: a Systematic Review

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