The effect of light quality on the pro-/antioxidant balance, activity of photosystem II, and expression of light-dependent genes in Eutrema salsugineum callus cells

Abstract

The antioxidant balance, photochemical activity of photosystem II (PSII), and photosynthetic pigment content, as well as the expression of genes involved in the light signalling of callus lines of Eutrema salsugineum plants (earlier Thellungiella salsuginea) under different spectral light compositions were studied. Growth of callus in red light (RL, maximum 660 nm), in contrast to blue light (BL, maximum 450 nm), resulted in a lower HO content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The BL increased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes in comparison with the white light (WL) and RL and demonstrated the minimum level of PSII photochemical activity. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) had the highest values in BL, which, along with the increased HO and TBARS content, indicate a higher level of oxidative stress in the cells. The expression levels of the main chloroplast protein genes of PSII (PSBA and PSBD), the NADPH-dependent oxidase gene of the plasma membrane (RbohD), the protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase genes (POR B, C) involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll, and the key photoreceptor signalling genes (CIB1, CRY2, PhyB, PhyA, and PIF3) were determined. Possible mechanisms of light quality effects on the physiological parameters of callus cells are discussed.

Responses of Morphology, Gas Exchange, Photochemical Activity of Photosystem II, and Antioxidant Balance in Cyclocarya paliurus to Light Spectra

“…Chlorophyll fluorescence serves as a subtle reflection of the photochemical activities of photosynthetic systems in plant physiological experiments ( Pashkovskiy et al, 2018 ). Generally, plants grown under light stress typically have lower Fv/Fm values than non-stressed ones ( Baker, 2008 ).…”

“…ROS, such as O 2 • - , H 2 O 2 and •OH, can be generated by the direct transfer of the excitation energy from chlorophyll, electron transport chains and the chloroplasts ( Sriram et al, 2005 ), which can cause photodamage to PSII directly ( Pashkovskiy et al, 2018 ). Higher values of MDA (a factor which reflects the level of lipid peroxidation) and significantly higher values of H 2 O 2 were observed from plants under GL and RL (Figure 7 ), which indicated that a high level of oxidative damage had been caused by excessive ROS.…”

“…Meanwhile, the CAT activity was measured following the method of Díaz-Vivancos et al (2008) . Protein contents in the light treatments were measured at the same time ( Pashkovskiy et al, 2018 ), and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in leaves were expressed as U min -1 mg -1 protein -1 .…”

Polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity of carob callus cultures

“…The increased antioxidant activity under darkness in the present study could be attributed to the stressed callus culture conditions. Indeed, there is increasing evidence that some light conditions such as UV, high-intensity light, and continuous dark may act as a stressful factor requiring a change in the oxidative balance in plants which produce a large amount of scavenging enzymes and antioxidant molecules as an answer to the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thereby minimise potential oxidative damage (Gogorcena et al 1997;Close and McArthur 2002;Ali et al 2005;Pashkovskiy et al 2018). Dark stress was reported to induce structural and oxidative damage in other Fabaceae species such as Soybean and Phaseolus vulgaris (Gogorcena et al 1997;Wang et al 2021).…”

Flavonoid content and antioxidant potential of leaf extracts of Passiflora setacea cv BRS Prola do Cerrado, a new wild passion fruit cultivar

“…The stressful in vitro conditions may induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and even cell death (Pashkovskiy et al, 2018). Although ROS formation is considered a normal physiological process and an important cell signaling element, their overproduction may exceed the antioxidant capacity of the cells, resulting in oxidative stress (Kim et al, 2017).…”