The Effect of Light Intensity and Temperature on Floral Initiation and Inflorescence Development of Marquis Wheat

Friend, D. J. C.; Fisher, J. E.; Helson, V. A.

doi:10.1139/b63-152

Cited by 75 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…They found that a rise in temperature from 13°to 21°C produced a decline in yield which was attributed to a decrease in leaf size as well as to thinner and shorter culms. For barley, however, the optimum temperature obviously is much lower than the 20°C claimed by Friend (1966) to be the optimum for wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The percentage proportion of leaves was larger at the higher temperature, as was also found with wheat (Friend 1966). In contrast, the percentage of culms was at the lower temperature higher than at the higher temperature; Langer (1963) considers this a common phenomenon in all graminaceous plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The favourable effect of low temperature was also established by Paris et al (1969) with day-neutral Olli and long-day Vantage barleys. At a high temperature level wheat has been found to respond to a rise in growth temperature from 20°to 25°C by increasing its total dry matter, leaf area and number of culms (Friend 1965, Friend et al 1962. At a lower temperature level Campbell et al (1968) arrived at diverging results with a different variety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of photoperiod, radiation and temperature in particular have been subject to extensive investigation. In cereal plants, studies have been made on the influence of environmental factors on growth (Friend 1966, Aspinall et al 1964, Aspinall 1966, Friend et al 1963 as well as on yield and the various yield components (Thorne 1966, Campbell et al 1968, Guitard 1960, Thorne et al 1968, Danger 1967, Paris et al 1969.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of temperature and growth density on the development and yield of two- and multi-rowed barley varieties

Äyräväinen

Paatela

1974

AFSci

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Abstract. The effects of temperature and plant spacing on growth, on the distribution of biological mass within the plant, and on yield were studied with seven barley varieties at two temperatures, 10°C and 20°C, and two growth densities, 3 and 13 plants per pot.Vegetative development at 20°C was nearly twice as fast as at 10°C. After the plants had entered the reproductive phase, the difference in developmental rate became smaller. Plants grown at the lower temperature produced much higher total biological yields and grain yields than plants grown at the higher temperature. Percentage proportion of leaves was higher and proportion of culms lower at 20°C than at 10°C.Temperature had no significant effect on number of culms and 1000-grain weight. Number of grains per ear was higher at 10°C than at 20°C.Total biological yield per pot and grain yield per pot were larger when the plants were grown in dense populations. More culms and larger yields per individual plant were produced in sparse populations. Growth density did not affect the number of grains per ear. Length of ear and 1000-grain weight were larger in sparse than dense populations. Two-rowed barley varieties gave significantly higher total biological yields and slightly higher grain yields than multi-rowed varieties. There were no differences between the two types of barley in proportions of leaves, culms and roots. As expected, number of culms and 1000-grain weight were higher, and number of grains per ear was lower, in the two-rowed than in the multi-rowed varieties.Among the various yield components, number of culms explained most of the yield. The number of grains per ear explained a smaller proportion, and 1000-grain weight a larger proportion, of the yield of the two-rowed varieties than of that of the multirowed varieties. In both types of barley there was a significant positive correlation between number of culms and 1000-grain weight. The number of grains per ear was not correlated with the number of culms; neither was it correlated with 1000-grain weight. There were differences between the two-row and multi-row types in correlations between culm numbers, leaves and roots. The distribution of biological yield between various plant parts in different phases of development did not affect the grain yield.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of temperature and growth density on the development and yield of two- and multi-rowed barley varieties

Äyräväinen

Paatela

1974

AFSci

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“…In Marquis spring wheat, Friend et al (1963) found early floral initiaton at higher temperatures was due to increased production of flower-inducing substances or increased sensitivity of meristernatic cells to hormones. Hamner and Bonner (1938), examining the interrelation ship of temperature and photoperiod upon floral initiation in Xanthium, found that plants given one short photoperiod at greenhouse temperature, then one long dark period (more than 8 hours) at 21°-32° C developed floral primordia, whereas at 4® C, seven dark periods were required.…”

Section: Temperature and Morphological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%