The Effect of Level of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Beef Production From Grazed Perennial Ryegrass/White Clover Pastures

Alder, F. E.; Cowlishaw, S. J.; Newton, J. E.; Chambers, D. T.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1967.tb00532.x

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The results for 1970 which show no difference in gain/head between treatments in weeks 1-^ confirm this view, while the results from weeks 7-12 in the same year show the more normal decline in gain with increased stocking rate which has been demonstrated by Alder, Cowlishaw, Newton and Chambers (3,4) and by Cowlishaw (5).…”

Section: %3supporting

confidence: 82%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Nitrogen, Stocking Rate and Frequency of Grazing by Beef Cattle on the Output of Pasture

Escuder

Holmes

1971

Grass and Forage Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two successive grazing experiments were conducted over 12 weeks on perennial ryegrass pastures with 50 and 44 young cattle to study the effect of N fertilizer when applied at a daily rate of 1 or 3 kg N/ha. At each level of N two stocking rates differing hy 20% were imposed. At the liigher N level and stocking rate, three frequencies of grazing were imposed.At the stocking rates imposed N tended to reduce the daily liveweight gain per head, hut increased the total liveweight gain per ha hy from 0-79 to 1-58 kg/kg N. A 20% increase in stocking rate depressed gain per head in hoth years. In the first year it did not improve gain/ha, hut in the second year gain/ha was increased hy 12-17%.There was a tendency for performance per animal and per ha to increase as the grazing cycle was lengthened. In 1969 the highest yield in the whole season was 1880 grazing days and 1260 kg gain/ha. The overall response to N fertilizer was similar to that recorded in other reports, hut it is possihle that a lack of K had limited pasture growth.

show abstract

Section: %3supporting

confidence: 82%

“…The results in general showed normal mineral composition with a tendency to low P and Mg contents, but the K values fell from 2-7% in May to 1-2% in July, figures lower than those reported by Alder et al (3). Particularly in N3H4, there was a compensatory increase in Na content as observed by Stewart and Holmes (16).…”

Section: Mineral Analyses 1970contrasting

confidence: 58%

The Effect of Nitrogen, Stocking Rate and Frequency of Grazing by Beef Cattle on the Output of Pasture

Escuder

Holmes

1971

Grass and Forage Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The optimum proportion of clover in the sward is a compromise between the amount of biological fixed N, herbage yield, animal performance, nutrient losses and bloat risk (Alder et al 1967, Pflimlin 1993, Kristensen et al 1995, Lane et al 2000 and varies between 0.20-0.50 (Frame and Newbould 1986, Pflimlin 1993, Taylor and Quesenberry 1996. In the long term, a relatively high and stable proportion of clover in grazed swards is difficult to maintain.…”

Section: Botanical Proportions Of Herbagementioning

confidence: 99%

Annual and seasonal changes in production and composition of grazed clover-grass mixtures in organic farming

Kuusela¹

2008

AFSci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A grazed field experiment based on a randomised block design was conducted in Eastern Finland to evaluate the potential of alsike clover (Trifoliun hybridum L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) to support herbage production from clover-grass mixtures under organic farming practices. The effect of seed mixture (alsike clover, red clover, white clover, white and alsike clover or grass mixture), year (1996, 1997 and 1998) and grazing period (5 per grazing season) on pre-and post-grazing herbage mass (HM), botanical and chemical composition of pregrazing HM and post-grazing sward height was assessed. The nutritive value of herbage for milk production was also considered. Seed mixtures resulted in different pre-grazing HM and post-grazing sward heights, but similar pre-minus post-grazing HM. Compared with other mixtures, the proportion of clover was higher for white clover based mixtures. The white clover mixture had the highest crude protein content and lowest concentrations of cellulose and hemicellulose. In addition to seed mixture, the effect of year and grazing period on measured parameters was significant, highlighting the importance of grazing management. Moderate pasture herbage production of relative high nutritive value was achieved under organic practices, but the supply and nutritive value of herbage was variable and, in some cases, unable to meet the requirements of lactating dairy cows. The proportion of clover in all seed mixtures decreased year on year, and was subject to seasonal variations that altered the nutritional value of herbage. White clover was the most suitable perennial clover for pastures in Eastern Finland.

show abstract

“…According to Hovi et al (2003), the occurrence of milk fever on organic farms is unclear, somewhat higher in Finland, but lower in Norway compared to the overall incidence in the country. However, a clover proportion under 0.40 has been recommended for pasture for another reason, to avoid a risk of legume bloat (Alder et al 1967). Cloverrich pastures are best suited for high-yielding dairy cows, while pregnant dry cows are better grazed separately on poorer, grass-dominated swards.…”

Section: Kuusela E Minerals In Organic Clover-grass Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual and seasonal changes in mineral contents (Ca, Mg, P, K and Na) of grazed clover-grass mixtures in organic farming

Kuusela

2008

AFSci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A grazed field experiment was established in 1995 to evaluate alsike clover (Trifoliun hybridum L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in clover-grass mixtures under organic farming practices. In this study the effect of seed mixture (alsike clover, red clover, white clover, white and alsike clover or grass mixture), year (1997, 1998) and grazing period (5 per grazing season) on the herbage calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) phosphorous (P) and sodium (Na) contents was assessed and the relationships between botanical proportions and herbage mineral contents were studied. Herbage Ca and Na contents varied between the seed mixtures, Ca, Mg, P and Na contents between the years and all measured minerals, except Na, between the grazing periods. The white clover mixture resulted in higher Ca and Na contents. The contents of Ca and Mg were positively related with the proportions of clovers and weeds and were higher in 1997. The contents of P and K were higher in the rainy summer of 1998. The seed mixtures resulted in similar mean K/(Ca + Mg) equivalent ratios, but the Ca/P ratio was higher for the white clover mixture. Mineral rations varied between and within grazing seasons. Under organic practices the supply of minerals in the pasture herbage varied temporally and according to the botanical contents and was unable to meet fully the requirements of dairy cows. Additional mineral feeding is recommended for organic farming systems to balance the dietary mineral contents for grazing cows.

show abstract

The Effect of Level of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Beef Production From Grazed Perennial Ryegrass/White Clover Pastures

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

The Effect of Nitrogen, Stocking Rate and Frequency of Grazing by Beef Cattle on the Output of Pasture

The Effect of Nitrogen, Stocking Rate and Frequency of Grazing by Beef Cattle on the Output of Pasture

Annual and seasonal changes in production and composition of grazed clover-grass mixtures in organic farming

Annual and seasonal changes in mineral contents (Ca, Mg, P, K and Na) of grazed clover-grass mixtures in organic farming

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About