The effect of lens aging and cataract surgery on circadian rhythm

Shenshen, Yan; Wang, Wei

doi:10.18240/ijo.2016.07.21

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…2021, 9, 31 2 of 23 the normal circadian rhythm [14]. Accumulation of lens pigmentation and loss of certain retinal ganglion cells may reduce light transmission and also negatively influence circadian rhythm [15,16]. Secretion of certain hormones, such as cortisol and growth hormones that have a circadian rhythm or are secreted during certain sleep phases, may also change with ageing, with a potential direct or indirect effect on sleep [13].…”

Section: What Disturbs Sleep In the Older Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Disorders and Co-Morbidities in the Care of the Older Person

Carthy

2021

Medical Sciences

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Sleep complaints can be both common and complex in the older patient. Their consideration is an important aspect of holistic care, and may have an impact on quality of life, mortality, falls and disease risk. Sleep assessment should form part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. If sleep disturbance is brought to light, consideration of sleep disorders, co-morbidity and medication management should form part of a multifaceted approach. Appreciation of the bi-directional relationship and complex interplay between co-morbidity and sleep in older patients is an important element of patient care. This article provides a brief overview of sleep disturbance and sleep disorders in older patients, in addition to their association with specific co-morbidities including depression, heart failure, respiratory disorders, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, nocturia, pain, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, polypharmacy and falls. A potential systematic multidomain approach to assessment and management is outlined, with an emphasis on non-pharmacological treatment where possible.

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Section: What Disturbs Sleep In the Older Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Disorders and Co-Morbidities in the Care of the Older Person

Carthy

2021

Medical Sciences

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“…Light, especially short wavelength blue light, is the most potent environmental cue in circadian photoentrainment and lens aging is thought to influence this event by acting as a filter for shorter blue wavelengths [ 51 ]; light conditions during indoor activities as well as sunlight exposure are of paramount importance to preserve the circadian rhythmicity and avoid a risk factor for several chronic diseases. These considerations impact on the comorbidities of aged subjects, and the importance of the choice of the differential light-filtering properties of intraocular lenses after cataract removal [ 52 ].…”

Section: Sleep and Light Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological clocks: their relevance to immune-allergic diseases

2018

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The 2017 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, awarded for the discoveries made in the past 15 years on the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating many physiological functions, has renewed the attention to the importance of circadian rhythms. These originate from a central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain, photoentrained via direct connection with melanopsin containing, intrinsically light-sensitive retinal ganglion cells, and it projects to periphery, thus creating an inner circadian rhythm. This regulates several activities, including sleep, feeding times, energy metabolism, endocrine and immune functions. Disturbances of these rhythms, mainly of wake/sleep, hormonal secretion and feeding, cause decrease in quality of life, as well as being involved in development of obesity, metabolic syndrome and neuropsychiatric disorders. Most immunological functions, from leukocyte numbers, activity and cytokine secretion undergo circadian variations, which might affect susceptibility to infections. The intensity of symptoms and disease severity show a 24 h pattern in many immunological and allergic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma, atopic eczema and chronic urticaria. This is accompanied by altered sleep duration and quality, a major determinant of quality of life. Shift work and travel through time zones as well as artificial light pose new health threats by disrupting the circadian rhythms. Finally, the field of chronopharmacology uses these concepts for delivering drugs in synchrony with biological rhythms.

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“…This is done mainly through photic signals delivered via the retinohypothalamic tract ( 18 ). The retinohypothalamic tract is a monosynaptic tract that emanates from intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, which contain the blue light sensitive photopigment, melanopsin ( 68 ). It ends on a subset of neurons in the ventrolateral part of the SCN that express vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) ( 18 ).…”

Section: Hierarchical Organization Of the Circadian System Entrainmementioning

confidence: 99%

Blind Spot for Sedentarism: Redefining the Diseasome of Physical Inactivity in View of Circadian System and the Irisin/BDNF Axis

et al. 2018

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Introduction: The term “diseasome of physical inactivity” was coined by Pedersen to explain clustering of chronic diseases linked to physical inactivity. Accordingly, physical inactivity per se contributes to the accumulation of visceral fat, which, generates chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, contributes to emergence of chronic, non-communicable diseases. Diversity of these disorders posits the possible involvement of a supraphysiological system.Methods: Hypothesis driven literature search and deductive reasoning was used to review relevant literature and formulate a novel theory.Results: We have identified the circadian system, omnipresent in virtually every cell, as a possible vehicle for brain muscle crosstalk, explaining some aspects of the diseasome of physical inactivity This system is hierarchically organized, with the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) being the master clock that entrains to the dark/light cycle and synchronizes subsidiary molecular clocks in the periphery. Insufficient photic entrainment also causes chronic disease evolution. The recently identified irisin, was shown to induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production in several brain areas. BDNF assumes significant role in gating light's influence in the retinohypothalamic synapse, by having a permissive effect on glutamate signal transduction underlying photic entrainment.Conclusions: Here we provide theoretical evidence to support the hypothesis that irisin may facilitate photic entrainment of the SCN, via BDNF. By this irisin opens up possible pathways for peripheral non-photic entrainment signals to exert influence on the master clock that is otherwise resistant to these. Furthermore, we suggest that intertwining processes of circadian, redox, inflammatory, and myokine systems lay underneath the diseasome of physical inactivity.

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The effect of lens aging and cataract surgery on circadian rhythm

Cited by 7 publications

References 119 publications

Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Disorders and Co-Morbidities in the Care of the Older Person

Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Disorders and Co-Morbidities in the Care of the Older Person

Biological clocks: their relevance to immune-allergic diseases

Blind Spot for Sedentarism: Redefining the Diseasome of Physical Inactivity in View of Circadian System and the Irisin/BDNF Axis

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