The effect of leaf size on mutual shading and cultivar differences in soybean leaf photosynthetic capacity

Bunce, James A.

doi:10.1007/bf00030064

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…In these investigations the size of mesophyll cells decreased with increased leaf area and were negatively correlated with CER. This was also reported for soy bean cultivars (BUNCE 1990;DORNHOFF and SHIBLES 1976). The CER shows a positive relation to most parameters of growth (dry matter, leaf area etc.).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Relation to Morphological and Physiological Characteristics under Varying Amounts of Nitrogen Supply

Greef¹

1994

J Agronomy Crop Science

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In a field trial located in a northern region of Germany, characterized by a Podzol soil and increasing N fertilization resulted in an enhanced N uptake of the maize (Zea mays L.) variety "Felix" with increasing N fertilization ranging from 0 kg N ha"' (Nl) to 60 kg N ha"' (N2) and to 160 kg N ha'' (N3). The growth conditions reached only nearly optimal temperature for biomass allocation in a short period of July and August 1990. The plant productivity was stimulated due to higher N uptake and N utilization to values of nearly 1600 g ha"'. The N efficiency decreased with increasing N fertilization.A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of varied nitrogen nutrition on the development of maize plants under standardized growth conditions, comparable to the sub optimal growth conditions of the field experiment. Physiological and anatomical parameters were measured. Within a range of 0.2-1.0 mg N cm"^ of leaf nitrogen, the chlorophyll concentration and the CO2 exchange rate showed a linear relationship with the reduced N in the leaf. Above 1.0 mg N cm"^ no further increases in chlorophyll levels or photosynthesis were observed. Nitrate reductase activity was stimulated throughout the N range supplied. The activities of photosynthetic enzymes (PEP carboxylase, NADP malic enzyme, RubP carboxylase) was increased from the low (0.19 g N kg"' soil) to the middle N level (0.37 g N kg"' soil). Under conditions of a high N supply (0.75 g N kg"' soil) the activity decreased, except NADP malic enzyme. This effect was accompanied by alterations of the internal structure of the leaf. Leaf thickness and size of the mesophyll parenchyma were less at the medium nitrate supply. Other anatomical parameters were influenced in proportion to leaf nitrogen status. Stomatal index was not affected by N supply, but lengths and widths of epidermal and stomatal cells as well as the distance between stomata and vascular bundles were increased by high N supply. It is proposed that above an optimal range of leaf nitrogen, maize plants cannot use the potential advantage of the C4 mechanism and the N utilization shows maximum efficiency in the intermediate N level under the sub optimal growth conditions used in the greenhouse experiment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Relation to Morphological and Physiological Characteristics under Varying Amounts of Nitrogen Supply

Greef¹

1994

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Petiole length and biomass investment in support modify light interception efficiency in dense poplar plantations

Niinemets

Afas

Cescatti³

et al. 2004

Tree Physiology

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Leaf architecture, stand leaf area index and canopy light interception were studied in 13 poplar clones growing in a second rotation of a coppice plantation, to determine the role of leaf architectural attributes on canopy light-harvesting efficiency and to assess biomass investment in leaf support tissue. Stand leaf area index (L) varied from 2.89 to 6.99, but L was only weakly associated with canopy transmittance (TC). The weak relationship between TC and L was a result of a higher degree of foliage aggregation at larger values of L, leading to lower light-interception efficiency in stands with greater total leaf area. We observed a strong increase in leaf aggregation and a decrease in light-harvesting efficiency with decreasing mean leaf petiole length (PL) but not with leaf size, possibly because, in cordate or deltoid poplar leaves, most of the leaf area is located close to the petiole attachment to the lamina. Although PL was the key leaf characteristic of light-harvesting efficiency, clones with longer petioles had larger biomass investments in petioles, and there was a negative relationship between PL and L, demonstrating that enhanced light harvesting may lead to an overall decline in photosynthesizing leaf surface. Upper-canopy leaves were generally larger and had greater dry mass (MA) and nitrogen per unit area (NA) than lower-canopy leaves. Canopy plasticity in MA and NA was higher in clones with higher foliar biomass investment in midrib, and lower in clones with relatively longer petioles. These relationships suggest that there is a trade-off between photosynthetic plasticity and biomass investment in support, and also that high light-harvesting efficiency may be associated with lower photosynthetic plasticity. Our results demonstrate important clonal differences in leaf aggregation that are linked to leaf structure and biomass allocation patterns within the leaf.

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The effect of leaf size on mutual shading and cultivar differences in soybean leaf photosynthetic capacity

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Relation to Morphological and Physiological Characteristics under Varying Amounts of Nitrogen Supply

Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Relation to Morphological and Physiological Characteristics under Varying Amounts of Nitrogen Supply

Petiole length and biomass investment in support modify light interception efficiency in dense poplar plantations

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