The Effect of Lactose Maldigestion on the Relationship Between Dairy Food Intake and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Szilagyi, Andrew; Nathwani, Usha; Vinokuroff, Christina; Correa, José A.; Shrier, Ian

doi:10.1207/s15327914nc5502_4

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…In such cases, lactose could act as a prebiotic, promoting protective bacteria like bifidobacteria 91. This scenario may represent an ecological fallacy on comparison of outcomes in epidemiological and patient-based studies, as has been shown in the case of colorectal cancer 13,92. While mechanisms pertaining to this issue are controversial, dairy food consumption in high LNP countries is much less common than in high LP countries 13.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitude, sunshine, and human lactase phenotype distributions may contribute to geographic patterns of modern disease: the inflammatory bowel disease model

Szilagyi¹,

Leighton²,

Burstein³

et al. 2014

CLEP

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Countries with high lactase nonpersistence (LNP) or low lactase persistence (LP) populations have lower rates of some “western” diseases, mimicking the effects of sunshine and latitude. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ie, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is putatively also influenced by sunshine. Recent availability of worldwide IBD rates and lactase distributions allows more extensive comparisons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent to which modern day lactase distributions interact with latitude, sunshine exposure, and IBD rates. National IBD rates, national distributions of LP/LNP, and population-weighted average national annual ultraviolet B exposure were obtained, estimated, or calculated from the literature. Negative binomial analysis was used to assess the relationship between the three parameters and IBD rates. Analyses for 55 countries were grouped in three geographic domains, ie, global, Europe, and non-Europe. In Europe, both latitude and ultraviolet B exposure correlate well with LP/LNP and IBD. In non-Europe, latitude and ultraviolet B exposure correlate weakly with LP/LNP, but the latter retains a more robust correlation with IBD. In univariate analysis, latitude, ultraviolet B exposure, and LP/LNP all had significant relationships with IBD. Multivariate analysis showed that lactase distributions provided the best model of fit for IBD. The model of IBD reveals the evolutionary effects of the human lactase divide, and suggests that latitude, ultraviolet B exposure, and LP/LNP mimic each other because LP/LNP follows latitudinal directions toward the equator. However, on a large scale, lactase patterns also follow lateral polarity. The effects of LP/LNP in disease are likely to involve complex interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitude, sunshine, and human lactase phenotype distributions may contribute to geographic patterns of modern disease: the inflammatory bowel disease model

Szilagyi¹,

Leighton²,

Burstein³

et al. 2014

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“…93 Usable results were more likely to indicate the existence of the association than those that were not usable. 93 Furukawa et al 94 investigated the association between the proportion of contributing RCTs and the pooled estimates of 156 Cochrane systematic reviews. A median of 46% [interquartile range (IQR) 20% to 75%] of identified RCTs in each meta-analysis contributed to the pooled estimates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination and publication of research findings: an updated review of related biases

Song

Parekh²,

Hooper³

et al. 2010

Health Technol Assess

804

682

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How to obtain copies of this and other HTA programme reports An electronic version of this title, in Adobe Acrobat format, is available for downloading free of charge for personal use from the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk). A fully searchable DVD is also available (see below).Printed copies of HTA journal series issues cost £20 each (post and packing free in the UK) to both public and private sector purchasers from our despatch agents.Non-UK purchasers will have to pay a small fee for post and packing. For European countries the cost is £2 per issue and for the rest of the world £3 per issue. How to order:-fax (with credit card details) -post (with credit card details or cheque) -phone during office hours (credit card only).Additionally the HTA website allows you to either print out your order or download a blank order form. Contact details are as follows:Synergie UK (HTA Department) Digital House, The Loddon Centre Wade Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8QW Email: orders@hta.ac.uk Tel: 0845 812 4000 -ask for 'HTA Payment Services' (out-of-hours answer-phone service) Fax: 0845 812 4001 -put 'HTA Order' on the fax header Payment methods Paying by chequeIf you pay by cheque, the cheque must be in pounds sterling, made payable to University of Southampton and drawn on a bank with a UK address. Paying by credit cardYou can order using your credit card by phone, fax or post. SubscriptionsNHS libraries can subscribe free of charge. Public libraries can subscribe at a reduced cost of £100 for each volume (normally comprising 40-50 titles). The commercial subscription rate is £400 per volume (addresses within the UK) and £600 per volume (addresses outside the UK). Please see our website for details. Subscriptions can be purchased only for the current or forthcoming volume. How do I get a copy of HTA on DVD?Please use the form on the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk/htacd/index.shtml). HTA on DVD is currently free of charge worldwide.The website also provides information about the HTA programme and lists the membership of the various committees. HTA NIHR Health Technology Assessment programmeT he Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme, part of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), was set up in 1993. It produces high-quality research information on the effectiveness, costs and broader impact of health technologies for those who use, manage and provide care in the NHS. 'Health technologies' are broadly defined as all interventions used to promote health, prevent and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care. The research findings from the HTA programme directly influence decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC). HTA findings also help to improve the quality of clinical practice in the NHS indirectly in that they form a key component of the 'National Knowledge Service'. The HTA programme is needs led in that it fills gaps in the evidence needed by the NHS. There are three routes to the start of project...

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“…Importantly, LP status is a major factor determining the type and amount of dairy products consumed as well as the dairy-derived end-products that are exposed to the colorectal tissue (i.e., lactose moves into the large intestine in lactose intolerant individuals, while lactose is broken down to glucose and galactose and absorbed in the small intestine in lactose tolerant individuals). A nutrigenetic meta-analysis of 80 studies regarding dairy intake and colorectal cancer showed key differences are dependent on dairy intake amount and LP status [ 25 ]. In fact, the researchers reported a protective role of higher dairy intake in both high LP prevalent and high non-LP prevalent populations.…”

Section: Lactase Persistence Dairy Intake and Health Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene–Dairy Food Interactions and Health Outcomes: A Review of Nutrigenetic Studies

Comerford

Pasin

2017

Nutrients

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Each person differs from the next by an average of over 3 million genetic variations in their DNA. This genetic diversity is responsible for many of the interindividual differences in food preferences, nutritional needs, and dietary responses between humans. The field of nutrigenetics aims to utilize this type of genetic information in order to personalize diets for optimal health. One of the most well-studied genetic variants affecting human dietary patterns and health is the lactase persistence mutation, which enables an individual to digest milk sugar into adulthood. Lactase persistence is one of the most influential Mendelian factors affecting human dietary patterns to occur since the beginning of the Neolithic Revolution. However, the lactase persistence mutation is only one of many mutations that can influence the relationship between dairy intake and disease risk. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available nutrigenetic literature investigating the relationships between genetics, dairy intake, and health outcomes. Nonetheless, the understanding of an individual’s nutrigenetic responses is just one component of personalized nutrition. In addition to nutrigenetic responses, future studies should also take into account nutrigenomic responses (epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic), and phenotypic/characteristic traits (age, gender, activity level, disease status, etc.), as these factors all interact with diet to influence health.

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The Effect of Lactose Maldigestion on the Relationship Between Dairy Food Intake and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 103 publications

Latitude, sunshine, and human lactase phenotype distributions may contribute to geographic patterns of modern disease: the inflammatory bowel disease model

Latitude, sunshine, and human lactase phenotype distributions may contribute to geographic patterns of modern disease: the inflammatory bowel disease model

Dissemination and publication of research findings: an updated review of related biases

Gene–Dairy Food Interactions and Health Outcomes: A Review of Nutrigenetic Studies

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