The effect of l-menthol stimulation of the major palatine nerve on subjective and objective nasal patency

Naito, Kensei; Komori, Mayumi; Kondo, Yuka; Takeuchi, Masahiro; Iwata, Shigenobu

doi:10.1016/s0385-8146(96)00005-3

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…One of the possible mechanisms that would explain the better performance using menthol versus neutral aroma is that menthol provided a cooling sensation that was perceived as refreshing and stimulating [18], thus decreasing the RPE. One might also point out that if menthol indeed enhances sensation airflow [16], it could prevent heat-induced hypocapnia and the reduction in cerebral blood flow [30] usually has a positive effect on central fatigue. Indeed, there is some evidence that heat stress results in hyperventilation, which lowers the carbon dioxide tension and consequently reduces the cerebral blood flow [30], inducing cerebral fatigue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When administered orally, menthol enhances cold sensations in the mouth and modulates taste-receptor activity [15]. It has been suggested that by stimulating the major palatine nerve, oral administration of menthol might also directly influence the nasal sensation of airflow [16]. Indeed, oral administration of a menthol lozenge caused a subjective sensation of improved airflow without actual changes in airway resistance [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical and Perceptual Cooling with Beverages to Increase Cycle Performance in a Tropical Climate

Riera¹,

Trong²,

Sinnapah³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

113

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PurposeThis study compares the effects of neutral temperature, cold and ice-slush beverages, with and without 0.5% menthol on cycling performance, core temperature (Tco) and stress responses in a tropical climate (hot and humid conditions).MethodsTwelve trained male cyclists/triathletes completed six 20-km exercise trials against the clock in 30.7°C±0.8°C and 78%±0.03% relative humidity. Before and after warm-up, and before exercise and every 5 km during exercise, athletes drank 190 mL of either aromatized (i.e., with 0.5 mL of menthol (5 gr/L)) or a non-aromatized beverage (neutral temperature: 23°C±0.1°C, cold: 3°C±0.1°C, or ice-slush: −1°C±0.7°C). During the trials, heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored, whereas core temperature (Tco), thermal comfort (TC), thermal sensation (TS) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured before and after warm-up, every 5 km of exercise, and at the end of exercise and after recovery.ResultsBoth the beverage aroma (P<0.02) and beverage temperature (P<0.02) had significant and positive effects on performance, which was considerably better with ice-slush than with a neutral temperature beverage, whatever the aroma (P<0.002), and with menthol vs non-menthol (P<0.02). The best performances were obtained with ice-slush/menthol and cold/menthol, as opposed to neutral/menthol. No differences were noted in HR and Tco between trials.ConclusionCold water or ice-slush with menthol aroma seems to be the most effective beverage for endurance exercise in a tropical climate. Further studies are needed to explore its effects in field competition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Perceptual Cooling with Beverages to Increase Cycle Performance in a Tropical Climate

Riera¹,

Trong²,

Sinnapah³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Another question concerns the uncertain relation between nasal resistance and the subjective sense of nasal patency. This problem has been pondered over for decades 22–33 . Several studies have demonstrated that applying substances such as camphor, eucalyptus, L‐menthol, vanilla, or lignocaine to the nasal or even palatal mucosa can cause a marked sensation of increased nasal airflow without any change in nasal resistance as measured by rhinomanometry 22–31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem has been pondered over for decades 22–33 . Several studies have demonstrated that applying substances such as camphor, eucalyptus, L‐menthol, vanilla, or lignocaine to the nasal or even palatal mucosa can cause a marked sensation of increased nasal airflow without any change in nasal resistance as measured by rhinomanometry 22–31 . Conversely, infiltration or topical application of local anaesthetics in the nasal vestibule or damage of trigeminal sensory nerve endings may cause a sensation of decreased nasal patency, again without any measurable effect on nasal resistance 30–33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between subjective and objective evaluation of the nasal airway. A systematic review of the highest level of evidence

André

Vuyk

Ahmed

et al. 2009

Clinical Otolaryngology

290

315

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The correlation between the outcomes found with rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry and an individual's subjective sensation of nasal patency remains uncertain. Based on this review, it seems that the chance of a correlation is greater when each nasal passage is assessed individually and when obstructive symptoms are present. There still seems to be only a limited argument for the use of rhinomanometry or acoustic rhinometry in routine rhinologic practice or for quantifying surgical results.

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“…However, there is evidence that menthol might influence the sensation of nasal airflow by a purely oral form of stimulation as it has been proposed that the major palatine nerve serving the hard palate has a role in nasal sensation of airflow [22].…”

Section: Effects Of Menthol On Nasal Sensation Of Airflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menthol: Effects on nasal sensation of airflow and the drive to breathe

Eccles

2003

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Menthol, in lozenges, nasal sprays, vapo-rubs, inhalers, and cough syrups, is widely used as a treatment for rhinitis that is associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection and allergy. Menthol as a plant extract has been used in traditional medicine in Asia for the treatment of respiratory diseases for hundreds of years, but it was only introduced to the West as a medicine at the end of the 19th century. With the recent discovery of a menthol receptor on the sensory nerves that modulate the cool sensation, menthol has graduated from the realms of herbal medicine into the field of molecular pharmacology. This review concerns the physiologic and pharmacologic mechanisms that underlie the widespread use of menthol as a treatment for the relief of nasal congestion associated with rhinitis and its effects on the drive to breathe and symptomatic relief of dyspnea.

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The effect of l-menthol stimulation of the major palatine nerve on subjective and objective nasal patency

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Physical and Perceptual Cooling with Beverages to Increase Cycle Performance in a Tropical Climate

Physical and Perceptual Cooling with Beverages to Increase Cycle Performance in a Tropical Climate

Correlation between subjective and objective evaluation of the nasal airway. A systematic review of the highest level of evidence

Menthol: Effects on nasal sensation of airflow and the drive to breathe

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