The effect of l-dopa on young patients with simple schizophrenia, treated with neuroleptic drugs

Gerlach, Jes; Lühdorf, K.

doi:10.1007/bf00421193

Cited by 105 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Accordingly, a typical antipsychotic, haloperidol, cannot ameliorate and can even worsen some symptoms (3) and a nonselective dopamine agonist could be effective. Indirect dopamine agonists like L-dopa or D-amphetamine generally increase the central dopaminergic function, which was reported to have beneficial effects on some negative symptoms in several cases (4,5). Furthermore, typical antipsychotics have serious side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy for Modulation of Central Dopamine Transmission Based on the Partial Agonist Concept in Schizophrenia Therapy

Inoue

Nakata

2001

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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ABSTRACT-The dopamine system is known to be closely involved in brain neuronal dysfunction and in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, generation of pituitary tumors and schizophrenia. According to the classical dopamine hypothesis on the pathology of schizophrenia, conventional antipsychotics has D2 dopamine receptor antagonistic profiles. However, the use of typical antipsychotics has several limitations; that is, some patients do not respond to them, they can even worsen negative symptoms, and they can provoke unacceptable extrapyramidal and endocrine side effects. To produce effective antipsychotics with reduced side effects, partial agonists to D2 dopamine receptors (D2 receptors) have been developed. Despite the effectiveness of partial agonists for pre-and postsynaptic D2 receptors, administration of such drugs results in inconsistent clinical effects to ameliorate the symptoms of schizophrenia. Thus, strategies for obtaining ideal effective antipsychotics with reduced side effects are considered in this short review with respect to the intrinsic efficacies and affinities of the partial agonists, based on the partial agonist concept.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy for Modulation of Central Dopamine Transmission Based on the Partial Agonist Concept in Schizophrenia Therapy

Inoue

Nakata

2001

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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“…That our results follow from the type of patients treated is demonstrated by the similarity between our data and those of Inaga et al (1972Inaga et al ( , 1975a, Nishikawa et al (1972), Sarai et al (1973), before, after 15 and 30 days of therapy with ¿-dopa + carbodopa + imipramine or placebo; then before and after 8 and 15 days of apomorphine, apomorphine + ¿-dopa + carbodopa or placebo. Yamauchi (1972), Asano et al (1973), Ogura et al (1974), and Gerlach and Luhdorf (1975. They were treating subjects who presented the same type of symptomatology as ours and observed in some of them tire same behav ioural-affective improvements that we did.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Our approach arose from the studies of Inaga et al (1972Inaga et al ( , 1975a, Nishikawa etal. (1972), Ogiira et al (1974, Yamauchi (1972), Sarai et al (1973), Asano et al (1973), and Gerlach and Luhdorf (1975). These investigators treated hebephrenic schizo phrenics showing abulia, apathy, lack of spontaneity, relational disturbances and no responses to major psychotropic drugs with the same drugs plus ¿-dopa in low doses, and observed a good improvement in the symptoms pertaining to the affective-behavioural sphere.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…They suggested that while psychotropic drugs might act through their effects on the terminal membrane by preventing the depletion of noradrenaline by 6-hydroxydopamine, ¿-dopa increases the concentration of noradrenaline in the brain, or accelerates the metabolic turnover of noradrenaline by some unknown mechanism. However, according to Gerlach and Luhdorf (1975) the stimulating effect of ¿-dopa might be due to the fact that the drug could reverse some unwanted inhibitory effects of neuro leptics on the dopaminergic-noradrenergic neurons in these patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Catecholaminergic Drugs in Chronic Schizophrenia

et al. 1979

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The effect of dopaminergic-related and stimulatory drugs have been studied in chronic hebephrenic schizophrenics untreated with neuroleptic drugs. 6 patients received therapy of 2 g L-dopa + 200 mg carbodopa per day orally for 30 days, then placebo for 30 days. Following that 3 of the same patients received therapy of 2 g L-dopa + 200 mg carbodopa + 300 mg imipramine orally for 30 days, then placebo for 30 days. Following that the same 3 patients recieved 1 mg apomorphine s.c. for 15 days, then placebo for 15 days, then 1 mg apomorphine s.c. + 2 g L-dopa + 200 mg carbodopa per os daily for 15 days, then placebo for 15 days. The patients were examined psychologically by the Wittenborn Rating Scale, the Weigl Object-Sorting Test, and tests for verbal learning and verbal association, before and after each therapeutic trial. Levels of FSH, LH, testosterone and GH were assayed radioimmunologically before, in the middle of and after each course of therapy. 2 patients showed improvement in the affective-behavioural symptomatology during therapy, while the other 4, who had a more severe degree of mental deterioration and destruction, were unchanged. FSH and LH levels, very low under basal conditions, did not change under therapy. Testosterone was very low before therapy and increased in only 1 subject. Normal basal GH levels increased during therapy in some of the patients, but not constantly. The results obtained are discussed in relation to the catecholamine hypotheses of schizophrenia.

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“…while reducing the negative symptomatology of catatonia [80][81][82], This hypothesis was adopted in case 1, with a satisfactory clinical improvement after L-Dopa, made even more spectacular by administration of its ago nist bromocriptine (Parlodel®). In this case (without any similar attempt in other cases), the administration of a drug which activates striatal DA receptors improved the entire deficit symptomatology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophreniform Catatonia on 6 Cases Secondary to Hydrocephalus with Subthalamic Mesencephalic Tumor Associated with Hypodopaminergia

et al. 1996

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This paper presents 6 patients with catatonia and subthalamic mesencephalic tumors with hydrocephalus involving the third and the lateral ventricles. This anatomic and psychiatric anomaly is investigated on the basis of personal observations and a review of the literature. These cases allow an interesting parallel to be traced between neurological clinical signs and psychiatric signs. Various anatomic and physiological models are discussed which emphasize specialized neuronal circuits (somewhat similar to those involved in Parkinson’s disease) and certain specific neurotransmitters such as dopamine, together with the reactivity of these circuits to intracranial pressure variations. Once more, clinical and laboratory data on schizophrenia concur to suggest that organic etiology is the causal factor in a known psychiatric pathology.

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The effect of l-dopa on young patients with simple schizophrenia, treated with neuroleptic drugs

Cited by 105 publications

References 14 publications

Strategy for Modulation of Central Dopamine Transmission Based on the Partial Agonist Concept in Schizophrenia Therapy

Strategy for Modulation of Central Dopamine Transmission Based on the Partial Agonist Concept in Schizophrenia Therapy

Catecholaminergic Drugs in Chronic Schizophrenia

Schizophreniform Catatonia on 6 Cases Secondary to Hydrocephalus with Subthalamic Mesencephalic Tumor Associated with Hypodopaminergia

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