The effect of l-arginine supplementation on amelioration of oxygen support in severe COVID-19 pneumonia

Evaluation of Global Post-Outbreak COVID-19 Treatment Interventions: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…The most common treatment duration observed in the studies was 10 days, which was employed in 7 (7/22, 32%). 32 , 34 , 37 , 40 , 43 , 50 , 51 In terms of funding sources, 5 (5/22, 23%) studies received financial support from industry sources, 32 , 35 , 41 , 42 , 50 while 8 studies (8/22, 36%) received grants from public organizations. 31 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 44 , 46 , 47 Additionally, 3 (3/22, 14%) studies were funded by both private and non-private organizations, 49 , 51 , 52 and 6 studies (6/22, 27%) reported no funding.…”

“… 30 , 38 Only one study focused on immunotherapy involving convalescent plasma. 31 Furthermore, three studies incorporated supplementation strategies, including the use of vitamin C, vitamin D, and amino acid L-Arginine, 32 , 39 , 49 while one study utilized the acid-oxidizing solution Sentinox. 35 Additionally, three studies explored herbal medicine interventions, including Nigella sativa oil, Nilavembu Kudineer with Kaba Sura Kudineer, and Lianhua Qingwen, 34 , 36 , 37 and one study investigated non-pharmacological interventions such as Qigong exercise and acupressure.…”

“… 30 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37–39 , 44 , 46 , 48 , 51 The interventional control was used in 23% (5/22) of the studies, 40 , 41 , 43 , 47 , 49 which was the same proportion as those employing a placebo control (23%, 5/22). 32 , 34 , 42 , 50 , 52 Approximately 82% (18/22) of the studies reported both primary and secondary outcomes, with additional details available in Table S2 , more information about the most commonly outcome measures used are summarized in Table 2 .…”

“…The majority of studies originated from Iran, 43 , 44 , 47 and Brazil, 42 , 50 , 52 with each country accounting for three studies. This was followed by two studies each from China, 33 , 36 India, 32 , 34 Italy, 35 , 38 and Pakistan. 39 , 48 Additionally, individual studies were conducted in the United States, 50 Canada, 51 Ecuador, 31 Egypt, 30 France, 49 Mexico, 50 Saudi Arabia, 37 Switzerland, 41 Taiwan, 46 and Bangladesh.…”

Regulated Arginine Metabolism in Immunopathogenesis of a Wide Range of Diseases: Is There a Way to Pass between Scylla and Charybdis?

“…The data obtained on the change in balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were confirmed by clinical observations showing that along with L-Arg supplement, the discharge time from the hospital was shortened and the need for respiratory support was also decreased [ 181 ]. In contrast, another study showed that applying L-Arg for patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia had no marked effect on disease outcome [ 182 ]. Currently, special attention is also paid to long-term disorders—long or post COVID-19 syndrome—in the functioning of various organs and tissues in acute COVID-19 convalescent patients, not only in severe [ 183 ], but also in mild or even asymptomatic disease [ 184 ].…”