“…Because the cardiovascular depression produced by sevoflurane is dosedependent in dogs, the concentrations required for blocking the autonomic response can generate considerable cardiovascular instability. Analgesic drugs will reduce the MAC-BAR for volatile anesthetic agents [7,14]. Therefore, it may be preferable to combine sevoflurane with adjunctive analgesics, such as opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ketamine, and local blocks using local anesthetics in order to diminish the hemodynamic consequences of high doses of sevoflurane by decreasing the MAC-BAR to clinically relevant concentrations.…”