Abstract:In 2016-2018 poa! Internet, a private internet service provider, distributed free internet services across schools in Nairobi, Kenya. Using inverse probability weighting (IPW) method, the study finds that the intervention significantly increases students' internet use and training, receipt of information on educational content, and participation in information and communication technologies (ICTs) education programmes. However, the study does not find evidence that internet services increase school attendance.… Show more
“…While Kenya's population stands at 54 million, it is five times the size of Sweden. Its Gross Domestic Product is USD 98.84 billion compared to Sweden's USD 534.61 billion (Okyere, 2020). This explains the differentials in terms of ECE resources provisioning.…”
Early Childhood Education (ECE) is understood to take place between birth and the age of 9 including preschool as well as primary school years. It is also at this stage that the greatest damage can be inflicted on the vulnerable growing child. This chapter through literature and data from one country internationally, one on the African continent and South Africa explores challenges of teaching and learning, at early childhood environments during the pandemic. These serve as bases for mapping out how these nations continue to survive and lay foundation for the future productive citizenry in their respective contexts. Issues of race and social class are laid bare so as to come up with plausible strategies to create sustainable early childhood learning environments. These are understood to be contexts where economic development of all in an environmentally sustainable manner for the social inclusion of all are emphasized. The chapter over and above the research literature also examines strategies as well as theories of sustainable early childhood learning environments by way of making recommendations for South Africa in its search for solutions under such emergency situations.
“…While Kenya's population stands at 54 million, it is five times the size of Sweden. Its Gross Domestic Product is USD 98.84 billion compared to Sweden's USD 534.61 billion (Okyere, 2020). This explains the differentials in terms of ECE resources provisioning.…”
Early Childhood Education (ECE) is understood to take place between birth and the age of 9 including preschool as well as primary school years. It is also at this stage that the greatest damage can be inflicted on the vulnerable growing child. This chapter through literature and data from one country internationally, one on the African continent and South Africa explores challenges of teaching and learning, at early childhood environments during the pandemic. These serve as bases for mapping out how these nations continue to survive and lay foundation for the future productive citizenry in their respective contexts. Issues of race and social class are laid bare so as to come up with plausible strategies to create sustainable early childhood learning environments. These are understood to be contexts where economic development of all in an environmentally sustainable manner for the social inclusion of all are emphasized. The chapter over and above the research literature also examines strategies as well as theories of sustainable early childhood learning environments by way of making recommendations for South Africa in its search for solutions under such emergency situations.
“…According to estimates, about 85 percent of the population is covered by third generation (3 G) technology in2017, but only 17.8% of individuals and 33.7 percent of households have internet access. In addition, Kenya's telecommunications revenues increased from USD 1.32 billion in 2014 to USD 1.65 billion in 2016 (Okyere, 2020citing ITU, 2018.…”
Section: Palabras Clave: Alfabetitzación Digital Abuso Infantil Online Keniamentioning
Kenya introduced Digischool to public primary schools to prepare children for today’s digital world attracting a cyber-threat landscape. Utilising a descriptive cross-sectional design within a concurrent mixed approach, the study examined the relationship between digital literacy intervention and online child abuse among primary school children in Langata sub-county. Targeted, were children between 9 and 17 years from private and public primary schools, teachers, parents and policy makers and child protection officers. Godden’s formula informed purposive and random sampling of 384 respondents, plus a 10% (423) respondents for Key Informant interviews and focused discussions. Quantitative and qualitative data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis with the help of SPSS version 22 and Nvivo version 12 respectively. The study revealed stakeholders intervened in online child abuse at various levels using a number of strategies. The study revealed a significant relationship between the type of school and exposure to online. Since the p-value (0.000) was less than alpha (0.05) and we conclude there was a significant relationship between the type of school and exposure to online child abuse. There is need for a systems thinking and concerted multi-sectorial approach to improvement of digital literacy hence protecting children online.
“…In a chi-square overidentification test, we fail to reject the null hypothesis of balanced covariates with a p value of .173. Similarly, the IPWRA estimator was adequate in balancing the covariates with standardized mean differences close to 0 and variance ratio close to 1 (StataCorp, 2015;Boleman, 2020;Okyere, 2020a). The controls in the treatment and outcome models were selected based on previous studies on the determinants of health (Zhang, 2012;Okyere, 2020b) and irrigation (Abdulai, Owusu, & Bakang, 2011;Zeweld et al, 2015;Passarelli et al, 2018;Okyere & Ahene-Codjoe, 2021;Okyere & Usman, 2021).…”
Section: Effects Of Irrigation On Healthmentioning
This article targets the empirical space of well-defined theoretical and conceptual frameworks connecting irrigation to health outcomes but with limited evidence affected by observed and unobserved heterogeneity. Using a doubly robust estimator and panel data in Southern Ghana, the study finds that irrigation has mixed effects on health outcomes. The results show that there is no statistically significant increase in household and individual illness incidence, while that of malaria prevalence increases marginally for all individuals and substantially for children under 5 years. In contrast, the study finds a statistically significant increase in health status as very healthy of all individuals, females and males. The analyses of the pathways show that there is a decrease in per capita bednets and self-medication, while there are large improvements in health care financing and environmental quality. The overall findings suggest the possibility of irrigation leading to improvements in wellbeing, but this may come at the expense of increasing short-term health challenges.
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