The effect of interleukin-1 on adhesion formation. in the rat

Hershlag, Avner; Otterness, Ivan G.; Bliven, Marcia L.; Diamond, Michael P.; Polan, Mary Lake

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(91)90326-m

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The result of these alterations is an intracellular molecular milieu that favors adhesion development, we have termed the adhesion phenotype. Evidence for the association of the adhesion phenotype with the development of adhesions is supported by both animal and clinical studies [Ambler et al 2012;Diamond et al 2003;Freeman et al 2003;Hershlag et al 1991;Ivarsson et al 2003;Saed et al 2001]. Consistent with prior observations, this study has identified two additional markers that show increased levels of mRNA expression when exposed to hypoxia: the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of hypoxia on the expression of inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-a in human normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts

Ambler¹,

Fletcher

Diamond³

et al. 2012

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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Inflammation is known to be involved in the postoperative adhesion development. Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are cytokines that stimulate the acute-phase reaction, which leads to a systemic reaction including inflammation, fever, and activation of the complement and clotting cascades. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of these inflammatory markers, under normal and hypoxic conditions, in normal and adhesion fibroblasts. Primary cultures of fibroblasts were established from normal peritoneum and adhesion tissues from the same patient(s) and cultured under 20% O 2 or hypoxic 2% O 2 conditions for 24 hours. Cells were harvested and total RNA was isolated. Complimentary DNA was generated by reverse transcription and subjected to realtime RT-PCR using specific primers for IL-6 and TNF-α. Both normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts expressed IL-6 and TNF-α. Adhesion fibroblasts exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA as compared to normal peritoneal fibroblasts ( p < 0.05). Both IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA levels were upregulated in response to hypoxia in both normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts. The increase in IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA levels of normal fibroblasts reached the levels observed in adhesion fibroblasts. Our results suggest that hypoxia promotes the development of the adhesion phenotype by the induction of inflammatory markers, which may contribute to the development of postoperative adhesions. The inhibition of inflammation may be a potential therapeutic approach in the prevention and/or reduction of postoperative adhesion development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Effects of hypoxia on the expression of inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-a in human normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts

Ambler¹,

Fletcher

Diamond³

et al. 2012

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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“…It has been proven in animal studies that IL-1 and TNF-α are important mediators of postsurgical adhesion formation [117, 118], and by using neutralizing antibodies against IL-1 and TNF-α, the adhesion rates could be reduced [119]. …”

Section: Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peritoneal Adhesions: Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Significance

et al. 2001

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Aim: To summarize the most common etiologic factors and describe the pathophysiology in the formation of peritoneal adhesions, to outline their clinical significance and consequences, and to evaluate the pharmacologic, mechanical, and surgical adjuvant strategies to minimize peritoneal adhesion formation. Methods: We performed an extensive MEDLINE search of the internationally published English literature of all medical and epidemiological journal articles, textbooks, scientific reports, and scientific journals from 1940 to 1997. We also reviewed reference lists in all the articles retrieved in the search as well as those of major texts regarding intraperitoneal postsurgical adhesion formation. All sources identified were reviewed with particular attention to risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, various methods, and innovative techniques for effectively and safely reducing the formation of postsurgical adhesions. Results: The formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions is an important complication following gynecological and general abdominal surgery, leading to clinical and significant economical consequences. Adhesion occur in more than 90% of the patients following major abdominal surgery and in 55–100% of the women undergoing pelvic surgery. Small-bowel obstruction, infertility, chronic abdominal and pelvic pain, and difficult reoperative surgery are the most common consequences of peritoneal adhesions. Despite elaborate efforts to develop effective strategies to reduce or prevent adhesions, their formation remains a frequent occurrence after abdominal surgery. Conclusions: Until additional information and findings from future clinical investigations exist, only a meticulous surgical technique can be advocated in order to reduce unnecessary morbidity and mortality rates from these untoward effects of surgery.

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“…Synthetic grafts cause a foreign body reaction, and thus increase inflammatory cells and neutrophils, especially in infected sites, where they are a C 3 5 5 7 6 2 1 O 0 4 2 3 2 2 0 SD 1 2 2 2 1 0 0 SDO 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 I 2 9 9 9 0 9 7 IO 1 7 4 5 1 3 3 a p < 0.05 for groups I and IO vs the other groups (except C) with regard to neutrophil, fibrosis, hystiocyte, mononuclear cell main stimulating factor for defense mechanisms [5,37,41]. Mediators secreted from inflammatory cells in infected sites are thought to increase adhesions [21]. Intestine adhesion to mesh potentially has important clinical implications for increasing postoperative morbidity and even mortality attributable to adhesive intestinal obstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%