The Effect of Inhibitors on the Electron-transport Chain of Bacillus brevis. Evidence for Branching of the NADH Oxidase Respiratory Chain

Seddon, B.; McVITTIE, Jean

doi:10.1099/00221287-84-2-386

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Surprisingly, both AtpA and SdhA partially lost their membrane association after treatment with the tyrocidines ( Fig. 5D ), explaining inhibition of electron transport chain enzymes reported in an early study ( 29 , 59 ). In contrast, gramicidin S had no marked effect on the localization of these proteins, suggesting that its effect on cellular ATP levels is probably due to delocalization of cytochrome c ( 39 ) and partial membrane depolarization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Importantly, there is almost no further information available on how these peptides act on bacterial cells, although they have been clinically used against bacterial infections since 1940 ( 2 ). Early studies showed a reduced oxygen consumption in tyrocidine-treated Staphylococcus aureus ( 28 ), and inhibition of certain NADH-utilizing enzymes of the tyrothricin producer strain ( 29 ), but this has not been followed up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multifaceted Antibacterial Mechanisms of the Pioneering Peptide Antibiotics Tyrocidine and Gramicidin S

Wenzel

Rautenbach

Vosloo

et al. 2018

mBio

128

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Cyclic β-sheet decapeptides, such as tyrocidines and gramicidin S, were among the first antibiotics in clinical application. Although they have been used for such a long time, there is virtually no resistance to them, which has led to a renewed interest in this peptide class. Both tyrocidines and gramicidin S are thought to disrupt the bacterial membrane. However, this knowledge is mainly derived from in vitro studies, and there is surprisingly little knowledge about how these long-established antibiotics kill bacteria. Our results shed new light on the antibacterial mechanism of β-sheet peptide antibiotics and explain why they are still so effective and why there is so little resistance to them.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%