The effect of induced monocular blur on measures of stereoacuity

Odell, Naomi V.; Hatt, Sarah R.; Leske, David A.; Adams, Wendy; Holmes, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2008.09.005

Cited by 62 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…26 e second study was comprised of subjects with long term, large angle, manifest strabismus of at least 20 prism diopters, with suppression of the non-fixating eye. Unlike the initial study, where subjects with normal stereoacuity were made artificially acutely monocular and asked to identify monocular clues, these subjects have adapted to a life that is dependent on monocular clues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No other tests were performed on the subjects with normal stereoacuity as this level of fine stereopsis was felt to preclude any significant near visual acuity deficit. 26 It is known that patients with longstanding, large angle, manifest strabismus do not demonstrate stereopsis. It is also quite evident that these individuals function very well in everyday life, presumably making use of non-stereoscopic forms of depth perception such as motion parallax, image size, linear perspective and lateral displacement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monocular Clues in Seven Stereotests

Hahn¹,

Comstock²,

Durling³

et al. 2010

DMJ

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Stereopsis is the visual appreciation of depth during binocular viewing, stimulated by retinal disparity. 1 Stereoacuity tests seek to determine the smallest amount of recognizable retinal disparity in seconds of arc. e measurement of stereoacuity is an important tool in the assessment of binocular function and has widely been used for the detection and management of strabismus, amblyopia and anisometropia.2-4 e response to stereoacuity testing is an important tool in the screening process for patients with suspected strabismus. Stereotests are also often used for occupational purposes to qualify individuals for a particular profession. Ideally, a stereoacuity test would be void of any monocular clues, as these would give an invalid result indicating some degree of stereopsis where none exists. ere have been numerous reports in the literature examining the presence of non-stereoscopic clues in commonly used stereotests. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]24,25 Stereoacuity testing is typically performed by eye care professionals and other health/occupational professionals. e level of stereoacuity that cannot be obtained monocularly is of interest to all testers and interpreters of the results to provide a level of confidence that the result obtained represents stereopsis. A straightforward experimental method to determine the presence of monocular clues is to administer the test under monocular viewing conditions. We sought to quantify the presence of monocular clues in the Titmus, Randot®, Randot® Special Edition, Randot® Preschool, Lang, Lang II, and the Frisby stereoacuity tests and determine the "absolute value" (AV) for each stereotest that could not be obtained monocularly. e AV result was not obtained by any of the subjects under monocular conditions. It is hypothesized that the AV represents a result that can only be obtained binocularly through stereopsis. We also sought to compare the monocular results of a group with normal stereopsis and a group Monocular Clues in Seven StereotestsErik Hahn, David Comstock, Stacey Durling, James MacCarron, Safiah Mulla, Paula James, Robert LaRoche Eye Care Team, IWK Health Centre AbstractPurpose: There have been numerous reports with evidence detailing the presence of non-stereoscopic or "monocular" clues in commonly used stereoacuity tests. The purpose of this study was to quantify the influence of monocular clues in the Titmus, Randot®, Randot® Special Edition, Randot® Preschool, Lang, Lang II, and Frisby stereoacuity tests. Stereoacuity testing is typically performed and/or interpreted by eye care professionals and other health/ occupational professionals. Methods: Two separate prospective studies were conducted. The first assessed the monocular responses of 100 subjects aged 8 to 67 with normal stereoacuity, and no previous exposure to any of the seven tests administered. The second assessed the monocular responses of 33 subjects aged 8 to 65 with longstanding, manifest, horizontal strabismus of 20 prism diopters or greater, on t...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monocular Clues in Seven Stereotests

Hahn¹,

Comstock²,

Durling³

et al. 2010

DMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] This difference may, in part, be due to the different stereoacuity tests employed, including some with monocular cues. [17][18][19] That monocular cues may underlie artifactual stereoacuity results is underscored by reports in some of the papers in which patients with tropias of 4-20 deg (8-40 pd) achieved stereoacuity of 20-500 arcsec.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A binocular iPad treatment for amblyopic children

Jost

Morale

et al. 2014

Eye

106

121

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“…Orthotropia and reduced patching, particularly during years 2, 3, and 4, both correlated with 18,19 Ocular alignment and good visual acuity in both eyes are necessary for the development of highgrade stereopsis. 17,20 Stereopsis has been shown to improve after correction of refractive errors with glasses and after part-time occlusion therapy in amblyopic children. [21][22][23] Most children do not develop stereopsis after unilateral congenital cataract surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with stereopsis and a good visual acuity outcome among children in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study

Lambert

DuBois

Cotsonis³

et al. 2016

Eye

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Purpose To identify factors associated with stereopsis in children with good visual acuity after unilateral congenital cataract surgery in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. Patients and methods Infants with a unilateral congenital cataract (n = 114) were randomized to IOL implantation or contact lens correction after cataract surgery. At age 4.5 years, a masked examiner assessed HOTV acuity and stereopsis. Adherence to patching was assessed using 48-h recall telephone interviews and 7-day diaries throughout the first 5 years of life. Ocular motility was evaluated at age 5 years. Baseline, postoperative, and adherence findings were compared between patients with 20/40 or better acuity in their treated eyes with or without stereopsis. Results Thirty (27%) of 112 patients who were evaluated at age 4.5 years had 20/40 or better acuity in their treated eye. Stereopsis was present on one or more tests in 15 of these 30 (50%) children. Baseline characteristics and postoperative findings did not differ between patients with or without stereopsis. Children with stereopsis were more likely to be orthotropic at distance (P = 0.003) and were patched for fewer hours per day throughout the first 5 years of life and the difference increased over time (Po0.001). On average children with stereopsis were patched for 3.4 h/day during the first year of life and patching steadily decreased to 1.8 h/day by age 4 years. Conclusion Among children with good vision following unilateral congenital cataract surgery, orthophoria and fewer hours of patching, particularly during years 2, 3, and 4, are associated with some evidence of stereopsis.

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The effect of induced monocular blur on measures of stereoacuity

Cited by 62 publications

References 24 publications

Monocular Clues in Seven Stereotests

Monocular Clues in Seven Stereotests

A binocular iPad treatment for amblyopic children

Factors associated with stereopsis and a good visual acuity outcome among children in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study

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