The effect of incremental levels of dietary nitrate on methane emissions in Holstein steers and performance in Nelore bulls1

Newbold, J.R.; Zijderveld, S.M. van; Hulshof, R.B.A.; Fokkink, W.B.; Leng, R. A.; Terencio, Pedro H. P.; Powers, Wendy; Adrichem, P S J van; Paton, N. D.; Perdok, H.B.

doi:10.2527/jas.2014-7677

Cited by 65 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Only where nitrate was administered directly into the rumen (Takahashi et al, 1998;Sar et al, 2004) were greater MetHb concentrations than those found in the present study observed (34.3% and 18.37% in each of the studies, respectively), presumably because of transiently high concentrations of nitrite in the rumen generated by the method of administration. Recently, Newbold et al (2014) removed steers from an experiment because MetHb concentrations in excess of 20% were observed during adaptation to nitrate. Although most steers removed (eight of nine) were fed higher dietary nitrate concentrations (24 and 30 g nitrate/kg diet DM) than used in the present study, one steer removed was fed 18 g nitrate/kg diet DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of adding nitrate or increasing the lipid content of two contrasting diets on blood methaemoglobin and performance of two breeds of finishing beef steers

Duthie

Rooke

Troy

et al. 2016

Animal

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Adding nitrate to the diet or increasing the concentration of dietary lipid are effective strategies for reducing enteric methane emissions. This study investigated their effect on health and performance of finishing beef cattle. The experiment was a two × two × three factorial design comprising two breeds (CHX, crossbred Charolais; LU, Luing); two basal diets consisting of (g/kg dry matter (DM), forage to concentrate ratios) 520 : 480 (Mixed) or 84 : 916 (Concentrate); and three treatments: (i) control with rapeseed meal as the main protein source replaced with either (ii) calcium nitrate (18 g nitrate/kg diet DM) or (iii) rapeseed cake (RSC, increasing acid hydrolysed ether extract from 25 to 48 g/kg diet DM). Steers (n = 84) were allocated to each of the six basal diet × treatments in equal numbers of each breed with feed offered ad libitum. Blood methaemoglobin (MetHb) concentrations (marker for nitrate poisoning) were monitored throughout the study in steers receiving nitrate. After dietary adaptation over 28 days, individual animal intake, performance and feed efficiency were recorded for a test period of 56 days. Blood MetHb concentrations were low and similar up to 14 g nitrate/kg diet DM but increased when nitrate increased to 18 g nitrate/kg diet DM ( P < 0.001). An interaction between basal diet and day ( P < 0.001) indicated that MetHb% was consistently greater in Concentrate -than Mixed-fed steers at 18 g nitrate/kg diet DM. Maximum individual MetHb% was 15.4% (of total Hb), which is lower than considered clinically significant (30%). MetHb concentrations for individual steers remained consistent across time. Concentrate-fed steers were more efficient (lower residual feed intake (RFI) values) than Mixed-fed steers ( P < 0.01), with lower dry matter intake (DMI) (kg/day) ( P < 0.001) and similar average daily gain (ADG). CHX steers were more efficient (lower RFI; P < 0.01) than LU steers with greater ADG ( P < 0.01), lower DMI (/kg BW; P < 0.01) and lower fat depth ( P < 0.001). ADG, BW or DMI did not differ across dietary treatments ( P > 0.05). Neither basal diet nor treatment affected carcass quality ( P > 0.05), but CHX steers achieved a greater killing out proportion ( P < 0.001) than LU steers. Thus, adding nitrate to the diet or increasing the level of dietary lipid through the use of cold-pressed RSC, did not adversely affect health or performance of finishing beef steers when used within the diets studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of adding nitrate or increasing the lipid content of two contrasting diets on blood methaemoglobin and performance of two breeds of finishing beef steers

Duthie

Rooke

Troy

et al. 2016

Animal

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“…Nitrate, propynoic acid, and p-coumaric acid had much lower inhibitory effects on predicted in vivo CH 4 production. Nitrate is reported to be an effective CH 4 production mitigating dietary component [49,50]. For example, a 24.8% reduction in CH 4 production by lactating cows receiving nitrate at 21.1 g NO 3 − /kg of DM was observed by Olijhoek et al [51].…”

Section: Dietary Strategies To Decrease Ch 4 Production From Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

In Vitro Evaluation of Different Dietary Methane Mitigation Strategies

Chagas

Ramin

Krizsan

2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: Dietary methane mitigation strategies do not necessarily make food production from ruminants more energy-efficient, but reducing methane (CH 4 ) in the atmosphere immediately slows down global warming, helping to keep it within 2 • C above the pre-industrial baseline. There is no single most efficient strategy for mitigating enteric CH 4 production from domestic ruminants on forage-based diets. This study assessed a wide variety of dietary CH 4 mitigation strategies in the laboratory, to provide background for future studies with live animals on the efficiency and feasibility of dietary manipulation strategies to reduce CH 4 production. Among different chemical and plant-derived inhibitors and potential CH 4 -reducing diets assessed, inclusion of the natural antimethanogenic macroalga Asparagopsis taxiformis showed the strongest, and dose-dependent, CH 4 mitigating effect, with the least impact on rumen fermentation parameters. Thus, applying Asparagopsis taxiformis at a low daily dose was the best potential dietary mitigation strategy tested, with promising long-term effects, and should be further studied in diets for lactating dairy cows. Abstract:We assessed and ranked different dietary strategies for mitigating methane (CH 4 ) emissions and other fermentation parameters, using an automated gas system in two in vitro experiments. In experiment 1, a wide range of dietary CH 4 mitigation strategies was tested. In experiment 2, the two most promising CH 4 inhibitory compounds from experiment 1 were tested in a dose-response study. In experiment 1, the chemical compounds 2-nitroethanol, nitrate, propynoic acid, p-coumaric acid, bromoform, and Asparagopsis taxiformis (AT) decreased predicted in vivo CH 4 production (1.30, 21.3, 13.9, 24.2, 2.00, and 0.20 mL/g DM, respectively) compared with the control diet (38.7 mL/g DM). The 2-nitroethanol and AT treatments had lower molar proportions of acetate and higher molar proportions of propionate and butyrate compared with the control diet. In experiment 2, predicted in vivo CH 4 production decreased curvilinearly, molar proportions of acetate decreased, and propionate and butyrate proportions increased curvilinearly with increased levels of AT and 2-nitroethanol. Thus 2-nitroethanol and AT were the most efficient strategies to reduce CH 4 emissions in vitro, and AT inclusion additionally showed a strong dose-dependent CH 4 mitigating effect, with the least impact on rumen fermentation parameters.

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“…At the same time, nitrite produced as an intermediary product of DNRA would have a direct toxic effect toward methanogenic Archaea (Klüber and Conrad, 1998; Asanuma et al, 2015). Nitrate decreased CH 4 production in lactating dairy cows (21 g nitrate/kg dry matter [DM], −23.4% CH 4 ; Olijhoek et al, 2016), steers (30 g nitrate/kg DM, −29.4% CH 4 ; Newbold et al, 2014) and sheep (20 g nitrate/kg DM, −16.5% CH 4 ; de Raphélis-Soissan et al, 2014). Nitrooxypropanol is a synthetic compound developed by DSM Nutritional Products Ltd (Kaiseraugst, Switzerland).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redirection of Metabolic Hydrogen by Inhibiting Methanogenesis in the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)

2017

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A decrease in methanogenesis is expected to improve ruminant performance by allocating rumen metabolic hydrogen ([2H]) to more energy-rendering fermentation pathways for the animal. However, decreases in methane (CH4) emissions of up to 30% are not always linked with greater performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand the fate of [2H] when CH4 production in the rumen is inhibited by known methanogenesis inhibitors (nitrate, NIT; 3-nitrooxypropanol, NOP; anthraquinone, AQ) in comparison with a control treatment (CON) with the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC). Measurements started after 1 week adaptation. Substrate disappearance was not modified by methanogenesis inhibitors. Nitrate mostly seemed to decrease [2H] availability by acting as an electron acceptor competing with methanogenesis. As a consequence, NIT decreased CH4 production (−75%), dissolved dihydrogen (H2) concentration (−30%) and the percentages of reduced volatile fatty acids (butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalerate, caproate and heptanoate) except propionate, but increased acetate molar percentage, ethanol concentration and the efficiency of microbial nitrogen synthesis (+14%) without affecting gaseous H2. Nitrooxypropanol decreased methanogenesis (−75%) while increasing both gaseous and dissolved H2 concentrations (+81% and +24%, respectively). Moreover, NOP decreased acetate and isovalerate molar percentages and increased butyrate, valerate, caproate and heptanoate molar percentages as well as n-propanol and ammonium concentrations. Methanogenesis inhibition with AQ (−26%) was associated with higher gaseous H2 production (+70%) but lower dissolved H2 concentration (−76%), evidencing a lack of relationship between the two H2 forms. Anthraquinone increased ammonium concentration, caproate and heptanoate molar percentages but decreased acetate and isobutyrate molar percentages, total microbial nitrogen production and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (−16%). Overall, NOP and AQ increased the amount of reduced volatile fatty acids, but part of [2H] spared from methanogenesis was lost as gaseous H2. Finally, [2H] recovery was similar among CON, NOP and AQ but was largely lower than 100%. Consequently, further studies are required to discover other so far unidentified [2H] sinks for a better understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in [2H] production and utilization.

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The effect of incremental levels of dietary nitrate on methane emissions in Holstein steers and performance in Nelore bulls1

Cited by 65 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of adding nitrate or increasing the lipid content of two contrasting diets on blood methaemoglobin and performance of two breeds of finishing beef steers

Impact of adding nitrate or increasing the lipid content of two contrasting diets on blood methaemoglobin and performance of two breeds of finishing beef steers

In Vitro Evaluation of Different Dietary Methane Mitigation Strategies

Redirection of Metabolic Hydrogen by Inhibiting Methanogenesis in the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)

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