The effect of incorporation of cloxacillin in liposomes on treatment of experimental staphylococcal mastitis in mice

Abstract

The effect of incorporation of cloxacillin in liposomes on the treatment of staphylococcal mastitis was assessed bacteriologically 18 h after treatment of experimental infections in mice caused by two strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Intramammary treatments were cloxacillin incorporated in liposomes, cloxacillin in combination with liposomes, empty liposomes, cloxacillin in saline and saline alone. In none of the experiments did entrapment of cloxacillin within liposomes enhance its antibacterial effects. Electron microscopic studies demonstrated the presence of liposomes in neutrophils which also contained staphylococci. The results support the hypothesis that intracellular staphylococci are metabolically dormant and therefore not susceptible to the action of inhibitors of cell wall synthesis such as cloxacillin.

Mouse models to study the pathogenesis and control of bovine mastitis. A review

“…Hence, intensive research is now performed to discover new agents having bactericidal activity against these intracellular bacteria (76). In addition, novel formulations that allow uptake of active components by cells with an intracellular reservoir of S. aureus are tested (22). Next to the intramammary route of administration, other routes such as intravenous, intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection, have also been applied since they provide information about the capacity of the compound to reach the mammary gland (27).…”

Toward an Optimized Treatment of Intracellular Bacterial Infections: Input of Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems

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