The effect of incorporating inorganic materials into quaternized polyacrylic polymer on its mechanical strength and adsorption behaviour for ibuprofen removal

Abstract

questionable due to the large amount of waste produced, which was roughly equal to the volume of treated water. When the regenerated resin was washed with 10 mL of deionized water, the amount of ibuprofen adsorbed onto MAP (0.20 mmol/g) decreased by approximately 20% in the first 5 adsorption-regeneration cycles. However, the reusability stabilized at an adsorbed amount of 0.19 ± 0.02 mmol/g, suggesting that MAP is a feasible, reusable material for ibuprofen removal from water.

Assessing the Performance of Environmentally Friendly-Produced Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles to Remove Pharmaceuticals from Water

“…pH values > 7 enable the physical adsorption of DCF, which takes place in the FeOOH − shell of the nZVI. Another study performed by Zhang et al [80] reports maximum IBU adsorption into the adsorbent at pH values close to its pKa value (4.17), whereas in the case of pH values < pKa, IBU removal decreased because the molecular form of IBU did not support electrostatic mechanism reactions taking place. All in all, the removal of all targeted compounds in our study was maximized at the lower pH value investigated (pH = 3), which may be attributed to adsorption via electrostatic interactions.…”

“…Regarding the effect of pH, acidic conditions favor the removal of targeted NSAIDs with R-nFe (Figure 6). The dominant role of pH on the degradation of NSAIDs has been reported in several studies; usually, it affects NSAID removal through adsorption [80][81][82][83]. For example, Al Othman et al [84] showed that the maximum adsorption of DCF was achieved at a pH = 5 (85%) due to the carboxylic group in its molecule, resulting in the anionic form of the compound.…”

“…On the other hand, Mo et al [79] found that increasing Cl − anion concentrations from 0 to 1 M decreased the removal of DCF and KTP through adsorption in metal-organic frameworks, because the dissociation of Cl − from NaCl addition inhibits the reactions between DCF and KTP with the adsorbents. Zhang et al [80], who studied anionic resins, found that an increase in NaCl concentration leads to a decrease in IBU adsorption into the active sites of the resin, due to competition for ion chlorides with the anions of IBU; Van Tran et al [72], who studied IBU adsorption in hollow mesoporous carbon, found that NaCl has a negative effect because IBU is in a cationic state in pH < pKa and an increase in Na + leads to an antagonistic environment. However, in the experiments performed in this work, the pH was close to the pKa values of the NSAIDs, showing that the compounds were in neutral form, and thus NaCl could not have affected adsorption.…”

Polymer-Based Devices and Remediation Strategies for Emerging Contaminants in Water

“…Polymer composites are another material that has been investigated for pharmaceutical adsorption. Zhang et al 88 used Fe 3 O 4 incorporated in polyacrylic strong anion exchange resin to adsorb ibuprofen. The maximum ibuprofen adsorption capacity occurred at pH 4.0, 25 °C, and 3 h. Decreasing the pH lead to very little adsorption and increasing the pH lead to decreased adsorption.…”

“…In a real water treatment process, regeneration of saturated polymer adsorbents with an alcohol solution is not practical. As such, there are a few polymer adsorbents discussed that utilized either salty, acidic, or basic aqueous solutions for regeneration. ,,,,, To make a real impact on the water treatment community, polymer adsorbents need to be designed to regenerate with dilute aqueous solutions that are common to the water treatment community and do not create more potential hazards. Also, polymer adsorbents must be effective at natural water temperatures (∼15–25 °C) and pH (∼6.5–7.5), as heating during water treatment is extremely expensive and not practical or used and changing bulk water pH would require extensive chemical cost and subsequent postremoval treatment to neutralize the pH.…”