The effect of in-stream activities on the Njoro River, Kenya. Part I: Stream flow and chemical water quality

Yillia, Paul T.; Kreuzinger, Norbert; Mathooko, Jude M.

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2008.06.041

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The pool is situated at the middle polluted reaches and the surrounding area is dominated by farmland and residential plots. It is visited frequently by people and livestock and various in-stream activities are undertaken during visits (Yillia et al 2008a Three additional samples were taken at 24 hrs intervals after each storm-induced event. The water level of the stream was monitored at Egerton Gate Bridge (, 100 m downstream of Turkana Flats) at 3 hrs interval following rainstorm to ascertain the peak of the stream hydrograph during storm events.…”

Section: Transient Monitoring Site-turkana Flatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard analytical procedures were followed to determine suspended solids, turbidity, BOD 5 , PO 4 -P, NH 4 -N, NO 3 -N, total phosphorus (P) and total nitrogen (N) (APHA 1995). The specific analytical options that were used have been described previously (Yillia et al 2008a(Yillia et al ,b, 2009 (Yillia et al 2008b). Loads of pollutants were estimated from the instantaneous stream flow and the concentration of pollutants ).…”

Section: Transient Monitoring Site-turkana Flatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that the stream is unsuitable for bathing or drinking without treatment but many people (over 70,000 riparian inhabitants) depend entirely on the stream for their daily water needs since it is the only main source of water in the area (Yillia et al 2008a).…”

Section: Storm-induced Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transients affect stream flow, with possible consequences on the chemical and ecological processes within the stream and the receiving lake-Lake Nakuru, a Ramsar site and a famous tourist destination for wildlife (Mathooko 2001;Mokaya et al 2004;M'Erimba et al 2006;Kibichii et al 2007). There is also the potential for a resultant effect on the health and livelihoods of the riparian inhabitants as water levels fall and pollution levels rise (Yillia et al 2008a). But exactly how much of that pollution is contributed by transient events is not known even though this knowledge is useful for addressing diffuse pollution, which is currently a major concern in the catchment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Yillia

Kreuzinger

Mwetu

2010

Water Science and Technology

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Two transient pollution events were monitored in a pastoral stream in southwestern Kenya to evaluate their relative contribution to diffuse pollution. Peak loads of pollutants during storm-induced transients were within 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than the short-lived (30-60 minutes) diurnal episodes provoked by in-stream activities of people and livestock. Transient yields were striking during storminduced events; 778,000, 8,400, 550 and 100 kg day(-1) for suspended solids, BOD(5), total P and total N, respectively, compared to wet weather base flow (150, 30, 0.8 and 1.4 kg day(-1), for the same parameters, respectively). Two forms of concentration-discharge relationships were observed: increases in concentration for turbidity, suspended solids, BOD(5), total P and the faecal indicator bacteria at the peak of the stream hydrograph, and concurrent decreases in concentration for conductivity and total N. Following each storm-induced transient event, a marked improvement in water quality was observed within 48-72 hrs of the receding limb of the stream hydrograph before the next base low was established. It was concluded that storm-induced transients are exceedingly important for the mobilization of pollutants from diffuse sources but both transient events affect stream-channel processes, especially water quality, with the possibility of attendant consequences on the health of riparian inhabitants.

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Section: Transient Monitoring Site-turkana Flatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transient Monitoring Site-turkana Flatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Storm-induced Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Yillia

Kreuzinger

Mwetu

2010

Water Science and Technology

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“…Increasing human activity in countries often leads to water quality deterioration (Holguin-Gonzalez et al, 2013;Kibena et al, 2014;Mereta et al, 2012;Yillia et al, 2008). Water resources are essential to support biodiversity and to provide social and economic benefits to humans (Bérenger and Verdier-Chouchane, 2007;Hajkowicz, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian belief network models to analyse and predict ecological water quality in rivers

Forio

Landuyt

Bennetsen

et al. 2015

Ecological Modelling

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Microbial Effects on Geochemical Parameters in a Tropical River Basin

et al. 2015

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Domestic sewage discharge and live stocks are the main sources of pathogenic contaminations in rivers. The river Tamiraparani in southern India is affected by such nonpoint source pollution throughout the year. We collected a total of 264 samples (water and sediment) from 22 locations in 2-month intervals during a period of 1 year. Bacteriological analysis such as total viable counts (TVC), total coliform (TC), total Streptococcus (TS), Vibrio like organisms (VLO) and five pathogens as well as 12 geochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, Cl, HCO 3 , Ca, Mg, Na, K, PO 4 , other nutrients and total hardness) were studied. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis proved that microbial communities were separated with geochemical parameters in order to gain their efficacy. Factor analysis confirmed separate loading rates of microbial (32.3 %) and geochemical (32.7 %) parameters representing 'allochthonousgeochemical' and 'fecal mattersmicrobial' interactions, respectively. We used geographical information systems (GIS) for mapping the occurrence of indicator organisms from non-point sources throughout the river basin.

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The effect of in-stream activities on the Njoro River, Kenya. Part I: Stream flow and chemical water quality

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Bayesian belief network models to analyse and predict ecological water quality in rivers

Microbial Effects on Geochemical Parameters in a Tropical River Basin

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