The effect of ibuprofen on the level of discomfort inpatients undergoing orthodontic treatment

Ngan, Peter; Wilson, Stephen; Shanfeld, Joseph; Amini, Homa

doi:10.1016/s0889-5406(94)70025-7

Cited by 127 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Care was taken that the patients with similar malocclusions and social background were selected. 15 The results of this study show that pain levels increased from 2 hours to a maximum in the first 24 hours and then gradually declined from peak pain scores through 7 days after separator placement. This finding is in accordance with those of previous investigations by Wilson et al 17 and Law et al 30 The results of this investigation reveal that patients who had been administered 20 mg of piroxicam 1 hour preoperatively exhibited significantly lower pain scores than did patient in the other groups until 3 days after separator placement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…9 There exist differences among patients in the perceived pain; these differences are dependent on factors such as individual pain threshold, the magnitude of force applied, age, gender, cultural differences, previous pain experienced, and present emotional state and stress. [10][11][12][13][14][15] It has been found 10,16,17 that pain is present within 4 hours after the orthodontic procedure and continues for at least 24 hours, dissipating by day 7 after the orthodontic procedure. This is in agreement with the findings of other studies, 5,18 which have found the greatest need for analgesics to exist within 3 days after archwire placement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ngan et al 15 compared the effectiveness of 650 mg of aspirin, 400 mg of ibuprofen, and placebo for the control of orthodontic pain caused by either separators or initial archwire placement. They concluded that ibuprofen was the preferred analgesic to decrease the pain that is associated with orthodontic treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of piroxicam and ibuprofen premedication on orthodontic patients' pain experiences

Kohli

2011

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To compare the effectiveness of preoperative administration of ibuprofen and piroxicam on orthodontic pain experienced after separator placement. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients aged between 13 years 9 months and 18 years 2 months who were to undergo fixed appliance orthodontic treatment were enrolled in this double-blind, parallel-arm, prospective study. Patients were evenly and randomly distributed to any of three experimental groups, as follows: (1) administration of placebo, (2) administration of 400 mg ibuprofen, and (3) administration of 20 mg piroxicam; medications were administered 1 hour before separator placement. The pain perceived was recorded by the patients on a linear and graded Visual Analogue Scale at time intervals of 2 hours; 6 hours; nighttime on the day of appointment; 24 hours after the appointment; and 2 days, 3 days, and 7 days after separator placement during each of the four activities (viz, chewing, biting, fitting front teeth, and fitting back teeth). Results:The results revealed that preoperative administration of 20 mg of piroxicam 1 hour prior to separator placement resulted in a significant decrease in pain levels at 2 hours, 6 hours, nighttime, and 24 hours and on the second and third days after separator placement, compared to patients on a placebo or ibuprofen. Conclusions: Premedication with 20 mg of piroxicam results in significantly decreased pain experienced, compared to premedication with 400 mg of ibuprofen or placebo. Usage of 20 mg of piroxicam 1 hour prior to separator placement is recommended. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:1097-1102

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of piroxicam and ibuprofen premedication on orthodontic patients' pain experiences

Kohli

2011

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…Pain has been reported to affect between 70% and 95% of children undergoing treatment and its intensity and duration varies from patient to patient, typically beginning 2 to 3 hours after appliance fitting 2,3,4,5,6 and lasting for up to 7 days, with a maximum intensity at 2 days 7,8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of chewing gum and ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain with fixed appliances: A pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial

Ireland

Ellis²,

Jordan

et al. 2016

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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This cover sheet may not be removed from the document.Please scroll down to view the document. Methods: Patients about to undergo orthodontic treatment using upper and lower fixed appliances were recruited into this 2-arm parallel design RCT in 9 trial sites in the South West of England. They were randomly allocated to one of two groups, namely the experimental chewing gum group or control ibuprofen group. Eligibility criteria included patients undergoing upper and lower fixed appliance therapy, aged 11-17 years, who were able to use ibuprofen and chewing gum. The primary outcome measure was pain experienced using a mean of three recordings on a scale of 0-10. Secondary outcome measures were pain experienced in the subsequent three days, again after the first archwire change, the use of ibuprofen and appliance breakages. Pain scores were recorded using a questionnaire and posted to a collection centre by the patient. Randomisation was by means of a central telephone service and comprised computer-generated pseudo-random numbers used to generate a sequential allocation list, with permuted blocks of variable size (two and four) and stratified by centre. Neither clinicians nor the patients were blinded to the intervention. Patients in the control group were only permitted to use ibuprofen whilst patients in the experimental group were allowed to use ibuprofen only if they didn't get sufficient analgesia from using chewing gum.Data were analysed using the principle of Intention to Treat with multilevel modelling to reflect the structured nature of the data (scores within patient within site).Results: 1000 patients were recruited and randomised in a ratio of 1:1 to either the chewing gum or ibuprofen (control) groups. The male to female ratio was similar in both groups 3 (chewing gum 35.6%: 64.4%, ibuprofen 38.4%: 61.6%). The pain questionnaire response rates were good at approximately 84% and 83% following appliance placement (chewing gum group 419: ibuprofen group 407) and 70% and 71% following the first archwire change (chewing gum group 343: ibuprofen group 341). The primary outcome was similar for the two groups: mean pain 4.31 in the experimental (chewing gum) group and 4.17 in the control (ibuprofen) group, difference 0.14 (95% confidence interval -0.13 to 0.41). There was a suggestion that the relative pain scores for the two groups changed over time, with the chewing gum group experiencing slightly more pain on the day of bond-up and less on the subsequent three days; however, the differences were not of clinical importance. There were no significant differences for the period following archwire change. The reported use of ibuprofen was less in the chewing gum group than in the control ibuprofen group:following appliance placement the mean number of occasions ibuprofen was used was 2.1 in the chewing gum group and 3.0 in the ibuprofen group (adjusted difference -0.96 (95%CI -0.75 to -1.17, p<0.001)); following archwire change the analogous figures were 0.8 and 1.5 occasions (difference -0.65 (-0.44 to -0.86,...

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“…10,18,19 It has also been reported that patients experienced pain on day 2 and pain decreases by day 5 after separator placement. 20 In this study also when mean value is compared during different hours of separator placement, there was increased level of pain during 6 hrs, reaches its peak after 24hrs and decreases after 48 hrs.…”

Section: 3 1617mentioning

confidence: 98%

Intensity of pain after separator placement, banding and bonding in fixed Orthodontic patients

Shrestha¹

2017

ijetst

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The effect of ibuprofen on the level of discomfort inpatients undergoing orthodontic treatment

Cited by 127 publications

References 22 publications

Effectiveness of piroxicam and ibuprofen premedication on orthodontic patients' pain experiences

Effectiveness of piroxicam and ibuprofen premedication on orthodontic patients' pain experiences

Comparative assessment of chewing gum and ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain with fixed appliances: A pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial

Intensity of pain after separator placement, banding and bonding in fixed Orthodontic patients

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