The effect of hypercholesterolemia on the contractions of detrusor strips in response to neural stimulation in rats

Abstract

Currently the most widely used machine for precision seeding of cotton and maize seed is vacuum type. Th e capture of seeds by vacuum plate and the release of seeds from the vacuum plate should be performed precisely without missing or doubling. Th e physical phenomena should be clarifi ed theoretically to understand how the precision seeding mechanism works. To solve these problems, an attempt was made to develop a nomogram using equations describing the technical characteristics of the seeder used in this study and to describe the seed capture mechanism relying on basic principles of fl uid mechanics and aerodynamic properties of seeds. Seed spacing accuracy tests were performed to test the theory on a sticky belt in the laboratory. Quality of feed index, miss and multiple indices, and precision have been taken as a set of criteria for seed spacing accuracy. Th e regression models developed using the data obtained via sticky band tests showed that 16 seeds s -1 was the upper limit of seed release frequency (SRF) for cotton and maize seeds. Th e upper limit of vacuum plate peripheral speed was found to be 0.34 m s -1 . Th e use of 72 holes instead of 26 holes in the vacuum plate at 6.3 kPa created a vacuum band in the width of 10 mm around holes and this increased the multiple index and caused a reduction in seeding performance. For this reason, the use of vacuum plates with 60 or 52 holes is recommended for cotton seed. Th e forward speed of either 1.0 or 1.5 m s -1 was found to be acceptable for the seed spacing of 0.05 and 0.10 m, respectively. Aerodynamic calculations verifi ed that widely used vacuum plates with 26 holes were the appropriate ones for seeding maize seeds. Th e performance indices, namely the quality of feed, and miss and multiple indices, reduced signifi cantly for cotton and maize seeding when the precision metering unit was run at 20% (11°) slope to the right as compared to the no slope condition.

Carotenoids, Flavonoids, Total Phenolic Compounds Content and Antioxidant Activity of Indigenous Pyracantha coccinea M. Roem. Fruits

“…While firethorn fruits are usually not eaten raw, they can be used for marmalade, jams, jellies or various sauces. Due to their tonic, cardiotonic and diuretic properties, it can also be used in folk medicine [2]. Its close relative, Pyracantha crenulata, is a widely used as medicinal plant in China and the Himalayas, its fruits having various uses against anorexia, anxiety, arteriosclerosis, burns, cardiac failure, dysentery, insomnia, hypertension, joint pains, myocardial debility, neurasthenia and tachycardia [3].…”