The effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on aspiration pneumonia

Abstract

We have studied whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) prevents different pulmonary aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats. The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250 to 300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups (n = 10): saline control, Biosorb Energy Plus (BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), saline + HBO treated, BIO + HBO treated, and HCl + HBO treated. Saline, BIO, HCl were injected into the lungs in a volume of 2 ml/kg. A total of seven HBO sessions were performed at 2,4 atm 100% oxygen for 90 min at 6-h intervals. Seven days later, rats were sacrificed, and both lungs in all groups were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Our findings show that HBO inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly (P < 0.05) peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar septal infiltration, alveolar edema, alveolar exudate, alveolar histiocytes, interstitial fibrosis, granuloma, and necrosis formation in different pulmonary aspiration models. Pulmonar aspiration significantly increased the tissue HP content, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased (P < 0.05) the antioxidant enzyme (SOD, GSH-Px) activities. HBO treatment significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the elevated tissue HP content, and MDA levels and prevented inhibition of SOD, and GSH-Px (P < 0.05) enzymes in the tissues. Furthermore, there is a significant reduction in the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase, TUNEL and arise in the expression of surfactant protein D in lung tissue of different pulmonary aspiration models with HBO therapy. It was concluded that HBO treatment might be beneficial in lung injury, therefore, shows potential for clinical use.

The effects of α-tocopherol on oxidative damage and serum levels of Clara cell protein 16 in aspiration pneumonitis induced by bile acids

“…In the same study, activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px were reduced in the untreated groups and increased in the treated groups. 39 Similarly, our study showed an increase in the MDA levels, but no significant change in the PC levels was observed, in the group where aspiration pneumonitis was created by BAs. In the same group, there was a significant decrease in CAT activity but no change in SOD activities, which is contrary to the results of Sahin et al From these results, we can say that ROS resulted from the damage caused by BAs oxidizing lipids rather than the proteins in the medium, leading to a reduced antioxidant capacity of the medium.…”

“…In the literature, a large number of studies examine aspiration pneumonitis caused by stomach acid and food particles. [37][38][39] However, the damage caused by the Figure 1. Histopathologic results of the study groups to which saline, saline þ AT, BA, and BA þ AT were administered.…”

“…In the literature, a large number of studies examine aspiration pneumonitis caused by stomach acid and food particles. 37 –39 However, the damage caused by the aspiration of BAs associated with bile reflux or bilious vomiting has not been sufficiently studied. This study has helped to fill this gap to some extent.…”

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate hydrochloric acid-induced lung injury through suppression of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in comparison to moxifloxacin and sildenafil

“…Acute lung injury is characterized by severe inflammatory response leading to deterioration of gas exchange and till now there is no effective therapy for ALI. The main model to induce acute lung injury in animals is the administration of hydrochloric acid by intra-tracheal route according to Sahin et al. (2011).…”

“…Acute lung injury is characterized by severe inflammatory response leading to deterioration of gas exchange and till now there is no effective therapy for ALI. The main model to induce acute lung injury in animals is the administration of hydrochloric acid by intra-tracheal route according to Sahin et al (2011). In our study, the lung injury was induced by applying the HCl model followed by administration of mesenchymal stem cells and compared their activities to the standard drugs for ALI treatment.…”