The effect of hydrogen injection parameters on the quality of hydrogen–air mixture formation for a PFI hydrogen internal combustion engine

Wang, Lijun; Yang, Zhenzhong; Huang, Yan; Liu, Dong; Duan, Junfa; Guo, Shuman; Qin, Zhaoju

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.086

Cited by 56 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Through experimentation, it was found that 150 cycles were enough to evaluate the cycle variations in H2ICEs. When the COVimep was less than 5% and the fuel-air ratio was greater than 0.2, the COVimep decreased as the fuel-air (Wang et al 2017) reported that nozzle position does not have a significant impact on the uniformity of the hydrogen-air mixture in an H2ICEs; however, a larger distance between the inlet valve and the nozzle, increased the probability that backfiring would occur. The closest position to the inlet valve would be the optimal nozzle position.…”

Section: Hydrogen-only Icesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of development and challenges in hydrogen powered vehicles

Hosseini

Butler

2019

International Journal of Green Energy

200

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Hydrogen has the potential to be the sustainable fuel of the future, decrease the global dependence on fossil fuel resources, and lower the pollutant emissions from the transportation industry. In this study, recent development in hydrogen-based transportation engines is reviewed to scrutinize the feasibility of using hydrogen as a major fuel of future. Using hydrogen in internal combustion engines achieves only 20-25% efficiency and low power output compared to fossil-fueled internal combustion engines. Although hydrogen-based internal combustion engines have recently received considerable interests, several practical barriers have prevented the fast development of this technology. Hence, at the current stage, using hydrogen as an additive to hydrocarbon fuel systems have been taken into consideration to produce higher performance than hydrogen-only internal combustion engines. Using the dual-fuel strategy can increase the combustion stability and thermal efficiency while decreasing the CO and unburned hydrocarbons emissions, and fuel consumption. Alternatively, hydrogen can be used in fuel cells for vehicular applications with several automotive manufacturers producing fuel cell vehicles currently. Fuel cells can achieve efficiencies of up to 60%, while the rest is lost as heat. Strategies that have been investigated to increase the efficiency, performance, and lifespan of fuel cells are capillary pumping systems, a chemisorption chiller, nanofluids and supercapacitors. All such strategies improved the fuel cells in one or more ways. Safety, hydrogen delivery, onboard storage, and the capital and operating costs of hydrogen powered vehicles are analyzed to approach to clean transportation utopia.

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Section: Hydrogen-only Icesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of development and challenges in hydrogen powered vehicles

Hosseini

Butler

2019

International Journal of Green Energy

200

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“…At first, the combination of high efficiency, low emissions, high specific power output, and durability is not currently achievable in one H2 combustion concept. Starting from fuel injection, Port Fuel Injection (PFI) and Direct Injection (DI) are the two main considered and tested options [22,23]. On the one hand, PFI part load efficiency can be quite high with ultra-low NOx emissions, thanks to the possibility of ultra-lean operation allowed by the extremely high flame propagation and wide flammability limit characteristics of H2 combustion.…”

Section: H2-ice Project Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

Arsie,

Battistoni,

Brancaleoni

et al. 2023

Energies

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The H2-ICE project aims at developing, through numerical simulation, a new generation of hybrid powertrains featuring a hydrogen-fueled Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) suitable for 12 m urban buses in order to provide a reliable and cost-effective solution for the abatement of both CO2 and criteria pollutant emissions. The full exploitation of the potential of such a traction system requires a substantial enhancement of the state of the art since several issues have to be addressed. In particular, the choice of a more suitable fuel injection system and the control of the combustion process are extremely challenging. Firstly, a high-fidelity 3D-CFD model will be exploited to analyze the in-cylinder H2 fuel injection through supersonic flows. Then, after the optimization of the injection and combustion process, a 1D model of the whole engine system will be built and calibrated, allowing the identification of a “sweet spot” in the ultra-lean combustion region, characterized by extremely low NOx emissions and, at the same time, high combustion efficiencies. Moreover, to further enhance the engine efficiency well above 40%, different Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) systems will be carefully scrutinized, including both Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)-based recovery units as well as electric turbo-compounding. A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system will be developed to further reduce NOx emissions to near-zero levels. Finally, a dedicated torque-based control strategy for the ICE coupled with the Energy Management Systems (EMSs) of the hybrid powertrain, both optimized by exploiting Vehicle-To-Everything (V2X) connection, allows targeting H2 consumption of 0.1 kg/km. Technologies developed in the H2-ICE project will enhance the know-how necessary to design and build engines and aftertreatment systems for the efficient exploitation of H2 as a fuel, as well as for their integration into hybrid powertrains.

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“…Adjusting injection timing could realize different combustion modes: hard and mild combustion, and combustion stability was controlled by ignition timing. Wang et al 17 studied numerically the effects of injection timing, nozzle diameter, and nozzle position on mixture formation in a port fuel injection hydrogen engine. The results showed that the injection timing greatly influenced the remaining hydrogen content in the intake port.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Impact of Hydrogen Injection Strategy on Combustion Performance in Internal Combustion Engines

Huang,

Wang,

Pan

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Hydrogen is an ideal alternative fuel for internal combustion engines due to its fast combustion rate and near-zero carbon emissions. To further investigate the impact of the injection strategy on combustion performance under various excess air coefficients and loads, experimental methods were employed to systematically study injection timing, injection pressure, and dual injection. The results demonstrate that appropriately delaying hydrogen injection timing can improve the thermal efficiency by up to 2.6% and reduce NOx emissions of equivalent combustion by nearly 88%. While increasing the hydrogen pressure to 8 MPa does not directly enhance the thermal efficiency and emissions, it can reduce the injection pulse width by approximately 75%, allowing for more flexibility in delaying the injection timing. Delaying the secondary end of injection (SEOI) leads to a reduction of over 47% in NOx emissions for λ (excess air coefficient) values of 1.5 and 1.0. The combustion duration and ignition delay initially increase and then decrease with the delay in SEOI, depending on the movement state of the fuel jet. With the increase in secondary injection proportion (SIP), brake thermal efficiency increases by no more than 1%, but NOx is reduced by more than 43% for λ values of 1.5 and 1.0. In the case of ultralean conditions (λ = 2.3), increasing the SIP from 0 to 30% results in a nearly 14% increase in the peak heat release rate (HRR) and a 19% reduction in combustion duration.

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The effect of hydrogen injection parameters on the quality of hydrogen–air mixture formation for a PFI hydrogen internal combustion engine

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

An overview of development and challenges in hydrogen powered vehicles

An overview of development and challenges in hydrogen powered vehicles

A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

Experimental Study on the Impact of Hydrogen Injection Strategy on Combustion Performance in Internal Combustion Engines

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