The effect of hydrogen crossover on open-circuit voltage in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Vilekar, Saurabh A.; Datta, Ravindra

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.10.023

Cited by 147 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…2. More recently, Vilekar and Datta [34] built a model to predict the effect of H 2 permeation on OCV in PEM fuel cells. They found that hydrogen crossover is a critical parameter for OCV drop.…”

Section: Ocvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell stack with Nafion® membranes of different thicknesses: Part I. In situ diagnosis

Yuan

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2010

Journal of Power Sources

104

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. The durability of polymer exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, under a wide range of operational conditions, has been attracting intensive attention, as durability is one of the largest barriers for commercialization of this promising technology. In the present work, membrane electrode assembly (MEA) degradation of a four-cell stack with Nafion membranes of different thicknesses, including N117, N115, NR212, and NR211, was carried out for 1000 h under idle conditions. By means of several on-line electrochemical measurements, the performance of the individual cells was analyzed at different times during the degradation process. The results indicate that the cells with thinner membranes have a lower open circuit voltage (OCV) due to the higher fuel crossover. Before degradation, the thickness of the membranes correlates with performance of the cell. However, with the advancement of degradation, the performance of cells with thinner membranes degraded much faster than those with thicker membranes, especially after 800 h of operation. The fast performance degradation for thinner membranes is evident by a dramatic increase in hydrogen crossover indicating membrane thinning or pinhole formation. Crown

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Section: Ocvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell stack with Nafion® membranes of different thicknesses: Part I. In situ diagnosis

Yuan

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2010

Journal of Power Sources

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Experimental investigations into the degradation mechanisms of different components and their complex interdependence with operating conditions are increasingly being correlated with modeling activities to gain improved understanding. For example, based on a theoretical model of mixed potential, Vilekar and Datta [9] suggested that both hydrogen crossover and the resulting oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) overpotential at the cathode play critical roles in OCV. More recently, Yoon and Huang [10] have carried out an experiment at low relative humidity and high temperature under OCV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of open circuit voltage on degradation of a short proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with bilayer membrane configurations

Zhang

Yuan

Hiesgen

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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a b s t r a c tIn the present work, membrane electrode assembly degradation of a 4-cell stack with specially designed twin catalyst coated membranes (twin-CCMs) was carried out for 1600 h under open circuit voltage (OCV) conditions. Four types of membrane with various thicknesses were employed in the experiment. Each twin-CCM was composed of two membranes of the same type with a catalyst layer coated only on one side. The purpose of this special configuration was to facilitate postmortem analysis of the membrane after degradation due to the detachable membrane structure. By means of several in situ electrochemical measurements, the performance of the individual cells was analysed every 200 h during the degradation process. Postmortem analyses such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and infrared imaging were also conducted to identify the membrane degradation mechanisms after exposure to OCV. The results indicate that membrane degradation, which correlates with electrode degradation, is the most direct reason for the failure of the whole cell/stack during OCV operation, especially for cells with thinner membranes.Crown

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“…And the MEAs based on the thinner PEM showed lower OCV. As the result, the MEA based on thin PEM tended to drive fuel gas cross-over [15]. Excessive gas cross-over caused adverse effects on cell performance.…”

Section: Cell Performance Of the Measmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of PEFC Membrane based on Cross-linked PTFE by EB Grafting: Effect of Thickness for FC Performance

Hiraiwa

Yoshikawa

Oshima

et al. 2012

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

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The performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) was affected by the thickness of the thin proton exchange membrane (PEM). The PEMs with the different thickness were prepared by radiation induced grafting of styrene into the radiation-cross-linked polytetrafluoroethylene (RX-PTFE) membrane prepared from PTFE dispersion, and then sulfonated. The wet thicknesses of the obtained thin PEMs were lower than 25 µm. A PEM based on a 50 µm PTFE film, with the wet thickness of 73 µm, was also prepared under the same procedure for the comparison. The obtained PEMs were characterized in term of gas cross-over. The surface of platinum / carbon electrodes was coated with Nafion ® dispersion, and then membrane electrode assembles (MEAs) were prepared by the hot-pressing. The polarization curves and electrochemical impedances of the thin PEMs in a single fuel cell were analyzed. As a result, the cell performance of the MEA based on thinner PEM tended to give higher power density and current density. On the other hand, the performance of the thinnest PEM (13 m) decreased, and the MEA based on the thinner PEM gave the lower open circuit voltage (OCV) due to the higher gas cross-over. Thus, the thin PEM based on RX-PTFE had shown a high performance at the suitable thickness.

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The effect of hydrogen crossover on open-circuit voltage in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 147 publications

References 21 publications

Degradation of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell stack with Nafion® membranes of different thicknesses: Part I. In situ diagnosis

Degradation of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell stack with Nafion® membranes of different thicknesses: Part I. In situ diagnosis

Effect of open circuit voltage on degradation of a short proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with bilayer membrane configurations

Evaluation of PEFC Membrane based on Cross-linked PTFE by EB Grafting: Effect of Thickness for FC Performance

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