The effect of host nutritional quality on multiple components of<i>Trichogramma brassicae</i>fitness

Farahani, Hossein Kishani; Ashouri, Ahmad; Zibaee, Arash; Abroon, Pouria; Alford, Lucy

doi:10.1017/s000748531600033x

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In our study, the egg to adult development of T. achaeae at 25 °C was completed in 8.83 d in E. kuehniella eggs, lower than the 10.4 d and 10.8 d recorded by Ghosh et al [ 51 ] and Manohar et al [ 52 ] in Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and T. absoluta eggs, respectively. These differences might be associated with the effect of the size and nutritional quality of the host egg on the preimaginal development and adult fitness of Trichogramma spp., as suggested by Kishani Farahani et al [ 74 ]. Our studies indicated that T. achaeae developed successfully from egg to adult in the temperature range of 15 °C to 30 °C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of Temperature on Life History and Parasitization Behavior of Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)

Pino

Gallego

Suárez

et al. 2020

Insects

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Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is currently used as biological control agent for several lepidopteran pests. Knowledge of thermal requirements is essential to optimize its rearing procedures and inundative releases. The biological characteristics and two-sex life table parameters of T. achaeae were determined at five constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) using Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs. T. achaeae was able to develop and survive from 15 °C to 30 °C, but not at 35 °C. Temperature significantly affected the preadult development time and adult longevity, decreasing when temperature increased from 15 °C to 30 °C. Temperature significantly altered the sex ratio, being female biased between 15 °C and 25 °C. Age-stage, two-sex life table analysis indicated that net reproductive rate (R0) was highest at 20 °C. Both the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) increased with increasing temperature, while the mean generation time (T) decreased significantly. In addition, functional response of T. achaeae was studied, being significantly affected by temperature and host egg density, displaying a Holling type-I at 15 °C and a Holling type-II at 25 °C. The relevance of these results is discussed for the use of T. achaeae as biological control agent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of Temperature on Life History and Parasitization Behavior of Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)

Pino

Gallego

Suárez

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…In this experiment and egg freezing experiment, lipid levels declined by 11%, glycogen levels declined by 18–33%, and sugar levels increased by 18–82%. In another egg-parasitoid system, a ~37% decline in protein and ~22% decline in triglyceride levels in host eggs was associated with decreased parasitoid fecundity and longevity ( Kishani Farahani et al 2016 ). Nevertheless, future experiments using frozen clusters should keep deployment times consistent across treatments in case it will affect natural enemy performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Egg quality may be especially important for egg parasitoids, since the developing parasitoid derives its nutrients only from the host. For example, host eggs with lower protein, glycogen, and triglyceride content produce Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) wasps with lower nutrient reserves, fecundity and longevity than higher quality host eggs ( Kishani Farahani et al 2016 ). A review by Abram et al (2017) revealed that most biological control research has focused on BMSB egg clusters rather than nymphs or adults.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutrient Content of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Eggs and Comparisons Between Experimental Uses

Skillman

Lee

2017

Journal of Insect Science

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Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), has become a major pest. Seven experiments examined the nutrient content of their eggs in the context of female reproductive investment and use for experiments. Among 542 clusters examined, an average egg contained 23.50 ± 0.561 µg lipid, 3.17 ± 0.089 µg glycogen, and 3.08 ± 0.056 µg sugar. Mature eggs within a female’s ovary can make up 61% of her total lipid, 35% of glycogen, and 20% of sugar levels. Eggs obtained from a colony reared on a steady diet are expected to have consistent nutrient content. The age of a parental female only slightly affected the lipid level of oviposited eggs but did not affect glycogen or sugar levels. However, egg nutrient content can differ substantially by the source of the parental females; wild eggs had higher lipid but lower sugar content than colony-produced eggs. Further, the length of time that eggs are frozen influenced egg nutrient content. Freshly laid eggs had higher lipid and lower sugar levels than eggs frozen for 1 or 2 yr. Whether an egg turned grey following removal from cold storage did not affect nutrient content, nor did being frozen within 1 or 3 d of oviposition. The temperature at which eggs were left exposed did not impact egg nutrient content, but glycogen decreased and sugar increased with deployment time. This information combined with how factors affect host selection by natural enemies will help refine future experiments that use BMSB egg clusters.

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“…For this reason, the choice of host has profound implications for the emerging parasitoid and has been shown to impact an array of life history traits such as development time, emergence rate, longevity, size and sex ratio (e.g. Harvey et al, 2004;Colinet et al, 2005;Silva et al, 2008;Xu et al, 2008;Sidney et al, 2010;Kishani Farahani et al, 2016). However, the impact of the host on adult parasitoid thermal tolerance was unknown until this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Host quality is known to impact an array of life history traits including development time, adult size, fecundity, longevity and offspring sex ratio (e.g. Harvey et al, 2004;Ris et al, 2004;Colinet et al, 2005;Silva et al, 2008;Xu et al, 2008;Sidney et al, 2010;Kishani Farahani et al, 2016). However, how the host affects the physiological thermal tolerance of a generalist parasitoid is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is there no impact of the host species on the cold tolerance of a generalist parasitoid?

Alford

Farahani

Pierre

et al. 2017

Journal of Insect Physiology

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For generalist parasitoids such as those belonging to the Genus Aphidius, the choice of host species can have profound implications for the emerging parasitoid. Host species is known to affect a variety of life history traits. However, the impact of the host on thermal tolerance has never been studied. Physiological thermal tolerance, enabling survival at unfavourable temperatures, is not a fixed trait and may be influenced by a number of external factors including characteristics of the stress, of the individual exposed to the stress, and of the biological and physical environment. As such, the choice of host species is likely to also have implications for the thermal tolerance of the emerging parasitoid. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of cereal aphid host species (Sitobion avenae, Rhopalosiphum padi and Metopolophium dirhodum) on adult thermal tolerance, in addition to sex and size, of the aphid parasitoids Aphidius avenae, Aphidius matricariae and Aphidius rhopalosiphi. Results revealed no effect of host species on the cold tolerance of the emerging parasitoid, as determined by CT and Chill Coma, for all parasitoid species. Host species significantly affected the size of the emerging parasitoid for A. rhopalosiphi only, with individuals emerging from R. padi being significantly larger than those emerging from S. avenae, although this did not correspond to a difference in thermal tolerance. Furthermore, a significant difference in the size of male and female parasitoids was observed for A. avenae and A. matricariae, although, once again this did not correspond to a difference in cold tolerance. It is suggested that potential behavioural thermoregulation via host manipulation may act to influence the thermal environment experienced by the wasp and thus wasp thermal tolerance and, in doing so, may negate physiological thermal tolerance or any impact of the aphid host.

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The effect of host nutritional quality on multiple components ofTrichogramma brassicaefitness

Cited by 54 publications

References 73 publications

Effect of Temperature on Life History and Parasitization Behavior of Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)

Effect of Temperature on Life History and Parasitization Behavior of Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)

Nutrient Content of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Eggs and Comparisons Between Experimental Uses

Why is there no impact of the host species on the cold tolerance of a generalist parasitoid?

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