The effect of host condition on adult emerald ash borer (<i>Agrilus planipennis</i>) performance

MacQuarrie, Chris J.K.

doi:10.1093/forestry/cpz008

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Ash health assessments conducted on 26 July 2021 estimated that these trees experienced approximately 90% mortality from EAB (Bohannon, 2022; Bohannon et al, 2022). The influence of host condition on larval success and adult size nonetheless depends on a number of interacting factors (Jennings et al, 2014; MacQuarrie, 2020). For example, as host quality declines, EAB intraspecific competition may increase prior to the population crash of the invasion wave, resulting in larval cannibalism (Duan et al, 2013; Lyons, 2015) and consequent shifts in adult EAB size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size of emerald ash borer in North Carolina, USA: Preliminary evidence for a sawtooth cline?

Nalepa,

Bohannon,

Oten

2023

Agri and Forest Entomology

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We test the hypothesis of Marshall et al. (2013) that in the United States there is a converse Bergmann's cline in body size of Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer, EAB), with the largest females ( = 12.6 mm length) collected at the most southern latitudes tested (37° N). In 2020, we employed three techniques to collect EAB at a North Carolina (NC) site located at 35.64° N (purple prism traps [PPTs], log emergence, Cerceris fumipennis biosurveillance). The study was repeated in 2021, but with green funnel traps replacing log emergence. EAB collected by C. fumipennis in three altitudinally disparate regions of NC were also measured. Overall, EAB collected in 2020 averaged 12.02 mm, with those emerged from logs significantly smaller than those from PPTs. Length of females collected from C. fumipennis at three elevations was not significantly different and averaged 12.01 mm. In 2021, females collected from funnel traps, PPTs and C. fumipennis were not significantly different and larger ( = 12.41 mm) than in 2020; eliminating the smaller log‐emerged EAB from the 2020 data set did not change the outcome. Mean EAB size in NC never reached the reported 12.6 mm at 37° N, regardless of the technique or altitude tested. Our expansion of the latitudinal range in which EAB body size has been studied may shift the proposed converse Bergmann's cline to that of a sawtooth or other non‐linear model, likely associated with a transition in EAB voltinism at or near NC latitudes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size of emerald ash borer in North Carolina, USA: Preliminary evidence for a sawtooth cline?

Nalepa,

Bohannon,

Oten

2023

Agri and Forest Entomology

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“…In the US, A. planipennis can attack both stressed and healthy trees and the host condition is not a discriminating factor in the risk assessment (MacQuarrie, 2020). A. planipennis usually lays eggs on live plants; larvae hatched from eggs laid on freshly cut logs can only rarely develop (Petrice and Haack, 2007; Anulewicz et al., 2008).…”

Section: The Pestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commodity risk assessment of ash logs from the US treated with sulfuryl fluoride to prevent the entry of the emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis

Bragard¹,

Baptista²,

Chatzivassiliou³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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The European Commission submitted to the EFSA Panel on Plant Health a dossier by USDA proposing to use sulfuryl fluoride on ash log shipments to treat Agrilus planipennis for phytosanitary certification. After collecting additional evidence from USDA APHIS, external experts and literature, the Panel performed a quantitative assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom from A. planipennis, at the point of entry in the EU, of two different commodities fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride: (a) ash logs with bark; and (b) debarked ash logs. An expert judgement is given on the likelihood of pest freedom taking into consideration the measures acting on the pest, including uncertainties associated with the assessment. The likelihood of pest freedom from A. planipennis is lower for ash logs with bark compared with debarked ash logs. With 95% certainty, the Panel concludes that between 9,740 and 10,000 containers of ash logs with bark per 10,000 and between 9,989 and 10,000 containers of debarked ash logs per 10,000 will be free from A. planipennis, when fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride at the specific treatment regime proposed by the USDA APHIS.

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Assessment of the Systems Approach for the Phytosanitary Treatment of Wood Infested With Wood-Boring Insects

MacQuarrie

Gray

Lavallée

et al. 2019

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Addressing the risk from pests present in wood and wood products destined for international trade is an essential step towards minimizing the movement, introduction and establishment of invasive species. One method of managing the pest risk associated with wood commodities is the use of a systems approach that incorporates multiple independent measures applied along a production pathway. However, quantifying the reduction of risk can be difficult because the approach requires raw material infested with the pest of interest at a sufficient density to be able to quantify changes in pest abundance. We tested a systems approach for the production of sawn wood using green ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall (Lamiales: Oleaceae), infested with emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), by quantifying the change in pest density during the milling process and the precise effect of heat treatment on insects in situ. Greater than 90% of emerald ash borer were removed at the first step of the milling process (debarking) and >99% were removed before the production of green sawn wood. No insects survived kilning or heat treatment. All life stages of emerald ash borer were killed at 56°C and above. Heat, however, had no sublethal effect on emerald ash borer performance. These results show that the application of a systems approach to mitigate emerald ash borer in heat-treated, sawn wood is effective. Moreover, the model-system approach developed in this study can be a template for investigating the effect of systems approaches for other phloem-feeding insects.

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The effect of host condition on adult emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) performance

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Size of emerald ash borer in North Carolina, USA: Preliminary evidence for a sawtooth cline?

Size of emerald ash borer in North Carolina, USA: Preliminary evidence for a sawtooth cline?

Commodity risk assessment of ash logs from the US treated with sulfuryl fluoride to prevent the entry of the emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis

Assessment of the Systems Approach for the Phytosanitary Treatment of Wood Infested With Wood-Boring Insects

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