The Effect of High-fat Diet and Exercise on KISS-1/GPR54 Expression in Testis of Growing Rats

Abstract

Purpose: To find the expression of KISS-1 and GPR54 in rats testis from PND 21st to 56th. Method: 128 three-week-old weaned rats underwent high-fat diet and exercise (60%–70% VO2max, 1 h/day, 5 days/week) intervention and were randomly divided into group C, CE, HC, or HE. Sample time points were set on the PND 21st, 35th, 43rd, and 56th. The testicular testosterone and the mRNA content, and protein content of KISS-1 and GPR54 in testis tissue were detected by ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. Result: (1) The protein of KISS-1 and GPR54 increased gradually during the growing period. KISS-1 mRNA peaked at 35D and GPR54 peaked at 43D. (2) High-fat diet affected the expression of the KISS-1/GPR54 system in rat testis and reduced the expression level of KISS-1 protein. (3) 60%–70% VO2max exercise decreased the KISS-1/GPR54 expression level. Exercise intervention improved testicular development in rats with a high-fat diet.Conclusion: The expression of KISS-1/GPR54 increased during the growing period. High-fat diet can downregulate the protein and gene expression of KISS-1/GPR54 and change the expression trend. 60%–70% VO2max exercise decreased the expression of KISS-1/GPR54, which may be involved in the effects of exercise on high-fat dietary sex hormone disorders.

Effects of High-Fat Diet and Treadmill Running on The Hypothalamic Kiss-1-GPR54 Signaling Pathway in Growing Male Rats

“…The work of Ullah et al in male mouse supports our present nding that high-fat-diet could induced precocious puberty even in normal body weight mouse [1]. Furthermore, we show that although the expression of Kiss-1 increased after high-fat diet intervention, it still maintained the change trend during the development process of male rats, which increased rst and then decreased, and peak at 43D, and the GSI curve also do not change during development [14]. We demonstrate that testes weight and GSI did not show any change after high-fat diet, but serum testosterone levels and testicular morphology was affected.…”

“…Kiss-1, GPR54 and their downstream factors PLC increased continuously from PND 21 and reached a peak at PND 43, and they had decreased measurably at PND 56. In our previous studies on high-fat diet and exercise on testis of growing male rats, the GSI which symbolizes the reproductive development of rats also showed this trend [14], we suggested that the expression of Kiss-1 in hypothalamic was closely related to reproductive function. Takumi et al measured the relative expression of Kiss-1 in the hypothalamic of rats at 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 weeks old, and found that Kiss-1 expression increased gradually from three to ve weeks old, and then decreased obviously at eight weeks old, especially in female rats [15].…”