The Effect of Hemoglobin, Folate, Vitamin B12, and 25 (OH) Vitamin D3 Levels on Function, Disability, Pain, and Balance in Patients with Post-Stroke Hemiplegia

Abstract

Although hemoglobin, folate, 25 (OH) vitamin D 3 , and vitamin B 12 levels have been reported to be associated with the risk of stroke, there are limited data on the relationship between these levels and functional status, disability, pain or balance in those who develop post-stroke hemiplegia. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between parameters such as functional status, pain, balance, and hemoglobin, folate, 25 (OH) vitamin D 3 , and vitamin B 12 levels in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. Material and Methods: Thirty-nine patients were included in the study. Brunnstrom recovery stages, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs pain scale, Barthel Index scores were determined. In addition, the patients' central pain and hemiplegic shoulder pain were evaluated using numerical rating scales. The hemoglobin, folate, vitamin B 12 , and 25 (OH) vitamin D3 levels of the participants were noted. Results: Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in functional ambulatory patients (FAC Stage 3-5) than in non-functional ambulatory (FAC Stage 0-2) patients (mean±standard deviation 13.77±2.38, 12.13±1.58, respectively) (p=0.019). In addition, hemoglobin levels were positively correlated with Barthel Index (r=0.496, p=0.002) and Berg Balance Scale (r=0.458, p=0.005). Folate, vitamin B 12 , and 25 (OH) vitamin D 3 levels were not associated with any of the scales. According to the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the increase in the hemoglobin values of the patients increases the probability of being in the functional ambulatory group 1,655 times (p=0.024). Conclusion: In this study, hemoglobin level was found to be associated with disability, ambulation and balance status in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. For better rehabilitation success, it should be kept in mind to evaluate the hemoglobin levels of the patients.

COVID-19 and Support Products: The Effects of Nutritional Immunity

“…Bu derlemede COVID-19 profilaksisi ve/veya hastalık sırasında bağışıklığın güçlendirilmesi için kullanılabilecek vitamin, mineral, probiyotikler ve tıbbi bitkiler gibi besinlerin olası faydaları irdelenmiştir.1. COVID-19 ve VitaminlerHer biri kritik yaşamsal görevler üstlenen vitaminlerin düşük ve bazı durumlarda yüksek seviyeleri geniş bir aralıkla çeşitli hastalıklarla ilişkilidir[25][26][27]. Genel olarak, reaktif oksijen moleküllerinin belirli düzeleri, immün yanıtları düzenlemek ve patojen virüsleri temizlemek için önemlidir, ancak bu moleküllerin aşırı düzeyleri hücresel proteinleri ve hücre membranı lipitlerini oksitleyerek yalnızca virüs ile enfekte hücreleri değil, aynı zamanda akciğerdeki normal hücreleri de olumsuz etkileyerek zarar verebilmektedir[28].…”