The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of Explosively Welded Titanium-Steel Plates

Abstract

This paper describes a study of explosively welded titanium-carbon steel S355J2+N plates. Following the welding, plates underwent heat treatment at temperature of 600°C for 90 min with cooling in furnace to 300°C and in air to room temperature. The structure of the bonding was examined by using light, scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties before and after heat treatment were examined applying three-point bending tests with cyclic loads and hardness measurements. Fracture surfaces were investigated using computer tomography and SEM. It has been found that the bonding areas are characterized by a specific chemical composition, microstructure and microhardness. Between the steel and the Ti cladding, a strongly defected transition zone was formed and melted areas with altered chemical composition were observed. It was also demonstrated that the heat treatment commonly applied to welded steel-Ti plates had a significant and negative impact on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded plates due to formation of brittle intermetallic phases.

The Influence of the Post-Weld Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Inconel 625/Carbon Steel Bimetal Joint Obtained by Explosive Welding

“…Additionally, it can be observed a disappear of pearlite bands close to the joint line, what can suggest the diffusion process of carbon into Inconel 625 alloy. Inconel contains chemical elements having a high affinity for carbon, such as chromium, molybdenum and niobium and for this reason carbon diffusion can result in formation of brittle carbides in the joint zone [15,[41][42][43]. Inconel 625 isothermal transformation diagram shows that the parameters of the normalizing are close to the area of carbides formation, especially MC and M 6 C types ( Figure 16).…”

“…The technology which allows to produce such bimetal clad-plate and provide both high quality of joint and formability is the explosive welding technique [11][12][13][14]. In this process, the energy released during detonation of the high explosive is used to accelerate one metal plate into another, and as a result, the high velocity collision of metal plates occurs [15,16]. The high energy collision results in bringing the surfaces of the colliding metals close enough to each other to obtain interaction between their atoms and make the formation of a metallic bond between them possible [14,[17][18][19][20].…”

Study on microstructure and properties of TA1-304 stainless steel explosive welding cladding plate

“…Xuan Yang [8] studied the effects of different explosive cladding processes on the properties of titanium-steel cladding plates. Marcin Wachowski [9] studied the effect of heat treatment on titanium-steel cladding plates. At present, researchers in the industry have studied the explosion welding of titanium-steel cladding plates, mainly focusing on low alloy steel in the selection of base plate.…”

Research on microstructure and mechanical properties of explosively welded stainless steel/commercially pure Ti plate

“…The problem of the surface protection is one of the most important subjects in the production of modern engineering structures, due to increasing demands in the area of efficiency, strength, reliability and fatigue life of required applications. Often surface protection is realized by coatings, but due to different chemical composition and structure of the connected materials, sometimes joining process is impossible to carry out by conventional welding or bonding methods [1][2][3]. This problem can be solved by using an explosive welding method which is one of the most effective technical engineering processes among joining methods because is used to join a wide variety of similar or different metals like steel and titanium [4].…”