The Effect of Health Promoting Intervention on Healthy Lifestyle and Social Support in Elders: A Clinical Trial Study

Abstract

Background:Many of the problems pertaining to old age originate from unhealthy lifestyle and low social support. Overcoming these problems requires precise and proper policy-making and planning.Objectives:The aim of the current research is to investigate the effect of health promoting interventions on healthy lifestyle and social support in elders.Patients and Methods:This study was conducted as a clinical trial lasting for 12 months on 464 elders aged above 60 years who were under the aegis of health homes in Tehran, Iran. Participants were selected through double stage cluster sampling and then divided into intervention and control groups (232 individuals in each). Tools for gathering data were a demographic checklist and two standard questionnaires called Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile version 2 and personal resource questionnaire part 2. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests including paired t test, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results:The average age of elders in this study was 65.9 ± 3.6 years (ranging between 60 and 73 years old). Results showed that the differences between the mean post-test scores of healthy lifestyle and its six dimensions as well as perceived social support and its five dimensions in the control and intervention groups were statistically significant (P value < 0.0001).Conclusions:Aging is an inevitable stage of life. However, effective health promoting interventions can procrastinate it, reduce its consequences and problems, and turn it into a pleasant and enjoyable part of life.

Multiple Risk Behavior Interventions: Meta-analyses of RCTs

“…Compared with control groups, the intervention groups demonstrated a small increase in fruit and vegetable intake (0.31 portions, 95% CI=0.17, 0.45); a small reduction in calorie intake (-83.37, 95% CI= -148.54, -18.20) and fat intake (SMD= -0.24, 95% CI= -0.36, -0.12); and a small increase in physical activity (SMD=0.25, 95% CI=0.13, 0.38). However, the findings for physical activity were sensitive to an individual study 38 where the intervention was more effective than in other studies (SMD¼2.94). When this study was removed from the analysis, the effect estimate (SMD¼0.15, 95% CI¼0.09, 0.21) and heterogeneity (I 2 ¼61% vs 93% when considering all studies) were substantially reduced.…”

Risk of type 2 diabetes: health care provider perceptions of prevention adherence

“…Research has examined the influence of personal determinants of health on participation in and adherence to health-promoting behavior. Behaviors, such as healthy eating and self-care, have been found to be positively affected by motivation to change (Centis et al, 2014), social support (Levesque, Li, & Pahal, 2012), personality (Lunn, Nowson, Worsley, & Torres, 2014), and self-worth and self-esteem (Huberty et al, 2014). Though, motivation and self-efficacy have also been described as important barriers to diabetes care by both patients and providers (Simmons, Lillis, Swan, & Haar, 2007).…”

Design and implementation of an empowerment model to prevent elder abuse: a randomized controlled trial

“…Self-efficacy is also an effective factor in healthy aging and can prevent elder abuse, along with other health promoting behavior and social support. 2 , 17 , 18 Studies have confirmed the importance of self-efficacy as a determinant of health promoting behavior, 19 , 20 while others have confirmed the relationship between social support and health promoting behavior 20 – 22 and between self-efficacy and social support. 20 , 23 , 24 The overall aim of this study was to design and evaluate the efficacy of an educational intervention for empowerment of the older adults, focusing on self-efficacy, social support, and health promoting behavior, in order to promote healthy aging and prevent elder abuse.…”