The effect of growth temperature on the heat stability of a bacterial pyrophosphatase

Brown, Douglas K.; Militzer, Walter; Georgi, Carl E.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(57)90098-x

“…(9) B. stearothermophilus only produces ethanol anaerobically above 50°C [58] concomitant with changes observed in the enzyme patterns [59,601. For example, Brown et al [61] also noticed that the enzyme pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1.) has different thermal stabilities depending on the growth temperature of B. stearothermophilus.…”

Section: Pasteurianummentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature spans for growth: Hypothesis and discussion

Wiegel

¹

1990

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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In recent years the upper and lower temperature limits for growth of pure cultures of microorganisms have been extended at least to 110°C and −14°C, respectively. There are no organisms which grow at both 0°C and 100°C and, therefore, organisms are grouped according to their ranges of growth temperatures. Thus, the questions of importance are:: (1) What is the widest temperature range (temperature span) over which a single organism can grow? and (2) How much can one alter the temperature spans of an organism? The concept of ‘cryptic thermophiles’ is used to explain some of the published data on the latter question. A wider temperature range can be very important for organisms in various ways, since it makes an organism more versatile with regard to changes in the environment. Also, it enables the organism to utilize a wider range of ecological niches. Some aerobic and anaerobic extreme thermophiles will grow within a span of more than 40°C. Furthermore, such organisms are regarded suitable for biotechnological applications as well. The following hypothesis is presented and discussed: these organisms have two sets of key enzymes, and their synthesis is regulated by temperature. Such organisms are capable of growing in two different ranges, such as the mesophilic and thermophilic ranges. The hypothesis is based on the fact that these bacteria exhibit broken Arrhenius plots (growth temperature versus) doubling time as parameters), and is illustrated with ‘temperature tolerant extreme thermophiles’ as the major example. However, the hypothesis is not restricted to this group, but is also applicable to the ‘temperature tolerant thermophiles and mesophiles’.

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“…(9) B. stearothermophilus only produces ethanol anaerobically above 50°C [58] concomitant with changes observed in the enzyme patterns [59,601. For example, Brown et al [61] also noticed that the enzyme pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1.) has different thermal stabilities depending on the growth temperature of B. stearothermophilus.…”

Section: Pasteurianummentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature spans for growth: Hypothesis and discussion

Wiegel

¹

1990

FEMS Microbiology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years the upper and lower temperature limits for growth of pure cultures of microorganisms have been extended at least to 110°C and −14°C, respectively. There are no organisms which grow at both 0°C and 100°C and, therefore, organisms are grouped according to their ranges of growth temperatures. Thus, the questions of importance are:: (1) What is the widest temperature range (temperature span) over which a single organism can grow? and (2) How much can one alter the temperature spans of an organism? The concept of ‘cryptic thermophiles’ is used to explain some of the published data on the latter question. A wider temperature range can be very important for organisms in various ways, since it makes an organism more versatile with regard to changes in the environment. Also, it enables the organism to utilize a wider range of ecological niches. Some aerobic and anaerobic extreme thermophiles will grow within a span of more than 40°C. Furthermore, such organisms are regarded suitable for biotechnological applications as well. The following hypothesis is presented and discussed: these organisms have two sets of key enzymes, and their synthesis is regulated by temperature. Such organisms are capable of growing in two different ranges, such as the mesophilic and thermophilic ranges. The hypothesis is based on the fact that these bacteria exhibit broken Arrhenius plots (growth temperature versus) doubling time as parameters), and is illustrated with ‘temperature tolerant extreme thermophiles’ as the major example. However, the hypothesis is not restricted to this group, but is also applicable to the ‘temperature tolerant thermophiles and mesophiles’.

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“…Campbell (5) purified a-amylase from facultative strains of Bacillus coagulans and B. stearothermophilus after growth at 35 and 55 C. A comparison of the thermostability at 90 C for 1 h revealed that the M5 C preparation showed only a 6 to 10% inactivation, whereas the 35 C preparations were inactivated by 90 to 92%. Brown et al (4) reported that the thermostability of pyrophosphatase of an obligate thermophile increases with an increase of growth temperature. Isono (13) reported that a partially purified a-amylase from cultures of B. stearothermophilus grown at 55 C was relatively more resistant to thermal inactivation than the same enzyme isolated from cultures grown at 37 C. In studies such as these, however, it is important that the enzyme under investigation be free of all contaminating cellular components (nonspecific protection).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes of Bacillus stearothermophilus : Factors Affecting Protoplast Stability and Thermostability of Alkaline Phosphatase and Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Oxidase

Wisdom

¹

,

Welker

²

1973

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Protoplasts of Bacillus stearothermophilus NCA 1503-4R are resistant to osmotic rupture and are not sensitive to mechanical manipulation. Protoplast stability is maintained by divalent cations. The thermostability of protoplasts is enhanced when the cells are grown at elevated temperatures. The membrane content of the cell and the protein-to-lipid ratio of the membrane increases as the growth temperature is increased. The membrane-bound nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form) oxidase system from cultures grown at 70 C was more thermostable than the same enzyme system from cultures grown at 55 C. Alkaline phosphatase was resistant to thermal inactivation in the intact protoplast. The extent of this protection is dependent on protoplast stability. 1336

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The effect of growth temperature on the heat stability of a bacterial pyrophosphatase

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Temperature spans for growth: Hypothesis and discussion

Temperature spans for growth: Hypothesis and discussion

Temperature spans for growth: Hypothesis and discussion

Membranes of Bacillus stearothermophilus : Factors Affecting Protoplast Stability and Thermostability of Alkaline Phosphatase and Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Oxidase

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