The effect of group size on people's attitudes and cooperative behaviors toward robots in interactive gameplay

Chang, Wan-Ling; White, Jeremy P.; Park, Joo Hyun; Holm, Anna; Šabanović, Selma

doi:10.1109/roman.2012.6343857

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…By manipulating group membership, Eyssel et al (2012) showed that people anthropomorphise and prefer an in-group robot to a greater extent than an out-group robot [10]. Chang et al (2012) studied the type of behaviour that humans chose to adopt (competitive or cooperative) depending on group size (a group of humans or an individual human player). The results showed that participants behave more competitively towards a robot when they are in a group than when they are interacting as individual players [4].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for that to be possible, robots must be endowed with social competencies and advanced interaction capabilities. Significant work is currently being performed in which robots act as team members [4,10,12], extending the boundaries of embodied interactions and making them more meaningful and human-like. In the future, we may use robot companions to foster social relationships through deeper long-term interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groups of humans and robots: Understanding membership preferences and team formation

Correia

Petisca

Alves‐Oliveira

et al. 2017

Robotics: Science and Systems XIII

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Abstract-Although groups of robots are expected to interact with groups of humans in the near future, research related to teams of humans and robots still appears scarce. This paper contributes to the study of human-robot teams by investigating how humans choose robots to partner with in a multi-party game context. The novelty of our work concerns the successful design and development of two social robots that are able to autonomously interact with a group of two humans in the execution of a social and entertaining task. The development of these two characters was motivated by psychological research on learning goal theory, according to which we interpret and approach a given task differently depending on our learning goal (oriented more towards either relationship building or competition). Thus, we developed two robotic characters implemented in two robots: Emys (competitive robot) and Glin (relationship-driven robot). In our study, a group of four (two humans and two autonomous robots) engaged in a social and entertaining card game. Our study yields several important conclusions regarding groups of humans and robots. (1) When a partner is chosen without previous partnering experience, people tend to prefer robots with relationship-driven characteristics as their partners compared with competitive robots. (2) After some partnering experience has been gained, the choice becomes less clear and additional driving factors emerge: (2a) participants with higher levels of competitiveness (personal characteristics) tend to prefer Emys, whereas those with lower levels prefer Glin, and (2b) the choice of which robot to partner with also depends on team performance, with the winning team being the preferred choice.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groups of humans and robots: Understanding membership preferences and team formation

Correia

Petisca

Alves‐Oliveira

et al. 2017

Robotics: Science and Systems XIII

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, competition increases when people interact in groups and against outgroups (e.g., [10]), but in one study of mechanomorphic robots, competition only increased when there were multiple human competitors, while there was no effect of number of robot competitors [4]. In another study, co-presence with a group of mechanomorphic robots (iRobot Create) did not affect attitudes toward robots, though it would have made attitudes more negative if group effects applied to the situation [3].…”

Section: A Robot Number and Group Effects In Hrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most HRI experiments occur in lab settings (e.g., [2,4,7]), though recently HRI studies in naturalistic, everyday settings are becoming more common (e.g. nursing homes [25], malls [26]).…”

Section: F Lab and Public Settings For Hri Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, most human-robot interaction (HRI) research has to date focused on people interacting with individual robots, even when examining effects like group membership (e.g., [2]). Well-established social psychological theories predict group effects -that is, changes in attitude and behavior when people are exposed to or interacting with groups rather than individuals [3,4]. As many important social psychological factors that determine the quality and quantity of social interactions have been successfully applied to HRI research (e,g., gaze [5,6]), we can expect that group effects will also emerge in people's evaluations of and behaviors toward robots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three's company, or a crowd?: The effects of robot number and behavior on HRI in Japan and the USA

Fraune¹,

Kawakami²,

Šabanović³

et al. 2015

Robotics: Science and Systems XI

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Abstract-In everyday applications of robotics, people will likely interact with groups of robots. Most human-robot interaction (HRI) research to date, however, has studied humans interacting with individual robots. Initial research suggests that humans respond differently to individual robots and robots in groups, making responses to groups of robots critical to study. This paper presents a study performed in a public setting familiar to participants (university cafeterias) to examine how participants respond when robots, individually and in groups, enter their space. We examined participant survey and behavioral responses to different numbers of robots (Single or Group) with different behaviors (Social or Functional). Because robots will be used across cultures, we performed the study in Japan and the USA. Across cultures, we found that people interact more with robots in groups than single robots, yet report similar levels of liking for both; participants also rated social robots as more friendly and helpful than functional robots in general. They rated single social robots more positively than a group of social robots, but a group of functional robots more positively than single functional robots. Japanese participants reported liking the robots more than USA participants. This suggests that researchers and designers should be aware of how robot characteristics influence group effects.Social human-robot interaction, group effects, robot behavior, cross-cultural study

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Colleague or Tool? Interactivity Increases Positive Perceptions of and Willingness to Interact with a Robotic Co-worker

et al. 2016

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The effect of group size on people's attitudes and cooperative behaviors toward robots in interactive gameplay

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Groups of humans and robots: Understanding membership preferences and team formation

Groups of humans and robots: Understanding membership preferences and team formation

Three's company, or a crowd?: The effects of robot number and behavior on HRI in Japan and the USA

Colleague or Tool? Interactivity Increases Positive Perceptions of and Willingness to Interact with a Robotic Co-worker

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