2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.07.076
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The effect of group-I elements on the structural and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles

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Cited by 85 publications
(48 citation statements)
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“…However, it is difficult to achieve reliable and reproducible p-type ZnO for developing ZnO-based devices because ZnO exhibits natural n-type conductivity. There have been a number of recent reports on the synthesis of p-type ZnO doped by group-V elements (e.g., N, P, and As) substituting for O, or group-I elements (e.g., Li and Na) substituting for Zn, to realize high-quality p-type ZnO [7][8][9][10]. Among these dopants, N is a shallow acceptor and its ionic radius is very similar to that of O, unlike those of P and As.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, it is difficult to achieve reliable and reproducible p-type ZnO for developing ZnO-based devices because ZnO exhibits natural n-type conductivity. There have been a number of recent reports on the synthesis of p-type ZnO doped by group-V elements (e.g., N, P, and As) substituting for O, or group-I elements (e.g., Li and Na) substituting for Zn, to realize high-quality p-type ZnO [7][8][9][10]. Among these dopants, N is a shallow acceptor and its ionic radius is very similar to that of O, unlike those of P and As.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They have larger atomic radii in their periods which causes weak metallic bonding and therefore low ionization energy. On the other hand oxidation of the samples can be done effortlessly [7,8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Li-doped p-type ZnO thin films were grown by employing radio frequency magnetron sputtering [5][6][7][8]. The Li-, Na-, and K-doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel method in a gelatin media by Yousefi et al [9]. The undoped and Li-doped ZnO crystallizes in the hexagonal symmetry with a wurtzite-like structure type [10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%