The Effect of Groundwater on Soil Formation in a Morainal Landscape in Saskatchewan

Miller, J. J.; Acton, D. F.; Arnaud, R. J. St.

doi:10.4141/cjss85-033

Cited by 102 publications

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“…Much of the research on soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for the Canadian prairies has attempted to explain soil genesis and classification (Soil Classification Working Group 1998) at the subgroup level (Leskiw 1971;Eilers 1973;MacLean and Pawuk 1975;Miller et al 1985). Similar work has also been conducted in North Dakota using the US Soil Taxonomy (Arndt and Richardson 1988;Seelig et al 1990;Richardson et al 1992;Seelig and Richardson 1994).…”

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confidence: 66%

Soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for selected Dark Brown Chernozems in southern Alberta

Miller¹,

Chanasyk²

2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Miller, J. J. and Chanasyk, D. S. 2010. Soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for selected Dark Brown Chernozems in southern Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 90: 597Á610. Limited information exists on soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for undulating morainal landscapes of the Dark Brown soil zone in western Canada. A 4-yr (1985Á1988) field study was conducted in southern Alberta to investigate these relationships for selected Dark Brown Chernozems. Soil morphology, physical and chemical properties of the soil horizons, water fluxes in the saturated zone, and tritium content of shallow groundwater were determined at nine sites. Three Orthic Dark Brown Chernozemic soils occurred in groundwater recharge areas with water tables ]1.81 m, indicating that leaching of carbonates from the B horizons was consistent with downward groundwater flow. The other three Orthic soils occurred in groundwater discharge areas, and they may have developed because of deeper ( ]2.60 m) water tables. High water-soluble Na in these latter three Orthic soils suggested a sodic influence from a shallower water table sometime in the recent past. The two Calcareous Dark Brown Chernozems, and saline Calcareous Dark Brown Chernozem occurred in groundwater recharge areas. One calcareous soil at a lower slope position had a shallow (0.84Á2.02 m) water table, suggesting carbonates were brought upward into the Cca horizon from the groundwater. The other calcareous soil at the upper slope position had a deeper (6.62 m) water table, suggesting carbonates were leached downward and precipitated in the Cca horizon. The saline Calcareous Dark Brown Chernozem was located in an area of groundwater recharge with a deeper (4Á9 m) water table, suggesting that salinization likely occurred sometime in the past. Groundwater flow conditions during this study could not explain the genesis of some soils in this study area, suggesting that past groundwater, climatic, and environmental conditions need to be considered to explain the genesis of some relict soils. Les auteurs ont proce´de´a`une e´tude sur le terrain de quatre ans (1985Á1988) dans le sud de l'Alberta, dans l'espoir de pre´ciser ces liens pour quelques tchernozioms brun fonce´. a`cette fin, ils ont e´tabli la morphologie du sol, les proprie´te´s physiques et chimiques de l'horizon, le flux d'eau dans la partie sature´e du sol et la concentration de tritium dans la couche d'eau souterraine peu profonde a`neuf sites. Trois tchernozioms brun fonce´orthiques se trouvaient dans la zone de re´alimentation, avec une nappe phre´atique ]1,81 m, signe qu'il y avait constante lixiviation des carbonates des horizons B vers les eaux plus profondes. Les trois autres sols orthiques se situaient dans la zone d'e´mergence et il se peut qu'ils se soient de´veloppe´s en raison d'une nappe phre´atique plus profonde ( ]2,60 m). Dans ces trois sols, la forte concentration de Na hydrosoluble laisse croire a`l'incidence sode´e d'une nappe phre´atique plus haute lors d'un passeŕ e´cent. Les deux tchernozioms cal...

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confidence: 66%

Soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for selected Dark Brown Chernozems in southern Alberta

Miller¹,

Chanasyk²

2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…The soils in our experimental plots were mainly Orthic Dark Brown Chernozems. These types of soils indicate net long-term leaching (Miller et al 1985), which would have moved soluble salts out of the A and B horizons into the C horizon or subsoil. In addition, irrigation of these plots would also have contributed to leaching of soluble salts into the subsoil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil salinity and sodicity after application of fresh and composted manure with straw or wood-chips

Miller¹,

Beasley²,

Larney³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Limited information exists on the effect of fresh versus composted beef cattle manure containing straw or wood chips on salinity (EC), soluble salts (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4), sodicity (sodium adsorption ratio, SAR), and potassium adsorption ratio (PAR) status of soil in the Great Plains region of North America. A site on a clay loam soil under irrigated barley (Hordeum vulgare) in southern Alberta was used for this study. The treatments were three rates (13, 39, 77 Mg ha-1 dry material) of fresh manure (FM) or composted manure (CM) containing either straw (ST) or wood-chip (WD) bedding, one inorganic (IN) fertilizer treatment, and a control (CON) treatment. All treatments were applied in the fall of 1998, 1999, and 2000. Soil sampling was conducted in the fall of 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001 prior to manure and fertilizer application. Our results indicated that applying CM to irrigated barley for 3 yr at rates up to 77 Mg ha-1 should not cause an increase in any of the salinity variables compared with FM. Calcium, Mg, K, Cl, EC, and PAR were significantly higher for ST than WD bedding at certain rates and years. Year of sampling had a significant effect on Ca, K, Cl, SO4, EC, SAR and PAR. Salt distribution profiles indicated no accumulation of Ca, Mg, and SO4 in the soil profile relative to the control, increases in K and PAR at the 0- to 15-cm depth, increases in Na, Cl, EC, and SAR at the 0- to 30-cm depth, and accumulation of Cl at all depths. Overall, CM should not increase soil salinity and sodicity compared with FM, and bedding material may be a potential tool to manage certain salinity variables in the soil. Key words: Soluble salts, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, fresh manure, compost, bedding

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“…Because recharge is greatest, or focused, beneath depressions in the land surface (Meyboom, 1966;Lissey, 1971;Miller et al, 1985;Delin et al, 2000), water from surface run-off .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of surface run-off on the transport of agricultural chemicals to ground water in a sandplain setting

Delin

Landon

2002

Science of The Total Environment

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The Effect of Groundwater on Soil Formation in a Morainal Landscape in Saskatchewan

Abstract: For personal use only.

Cited by 102 publications

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Soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for selected Dark Brown Chernozems in southern Alberta

Soil characteristics in relation to groundwater for selected Dark Brown Chernozems in southern Alberta

Soil salinity and sodicity after application of fresh and composted manure with straw or wood-chips

Effects of surface run-off on the transport of agricultural chemicals to ground water in a sandplain setting

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