The effect of green spaces on the urban thermal environment during a hot-dry season: a case study of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Ekwe, Michael C.; Adamu, Fatimah; Gana, Joseph; Nwafor, Grace Chika; Usman, Rabi; Nom, Jemimah; Onu, Ogonnaya D.; Adedeji, Oluwatola; Halilu, Shaba A.; Aderoju, Olaide Monsor

doi:10.1007/s10668-020-01046-9

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Proclaimed nature reserves scored the highest because, in addition to having high patch contiguity and vegetative cover (the two layers with the greatest weighting), they also appear on the access layer as a target element due to their official status and management for public access. The correlation between vegetative cover and temperature regulation is well documented as a nature-based solution for combatting urban warming [37,66,67]. Thus, the most built-up areas (city center and informal settlements) were the hottest and were negatively scored by the heat-map against the mean.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of studies has been predominantly in the Global North and has discussed the green infrastructure benefits in isolation of Global South challenges [10], especially in Africa. There are a few exceptions, notably studies in Addis Ababa [36] and Nigeria [37], evidencing that the political will, technical support, and general planning environment challenges are different in most Global South countries. This includes challenges such as institutional inertia, weak spatial management, a lack of integrated city-level decisionmaking, municipal leadership, and technical capabilities [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Decision Support Tool for Green Infrastructure Planning in the Face of Rapid Urbanization

Brom

Engemann

Breed

et al. 2023

Land

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Multifunctional green infrastructure, a key component of compact sustainable cities, is challenged by the pressures associated with rapid urbanization. In this paper, we present a method that uses remote sensing, GIS modeling and stakeholder engagement to produce a decision support tool that communicates the availability and need for green infrastructure benefits. The case study presented is the City of Tshwane, South Africa, a Global South city facing rapid urbanization. We found that this method of mapping green infrastructure benefits can provide simultaneous oversight on multiple objectives for green infrastructure, including climate change adaptation, biodiversity, and equitable distribution of urban green space. We found that low-scoring benefit areas occur in dense urban areas where small-scale nature-based solutions or rehabilitation activities are required. Moderate benefit scores occurred in parts of the city that are vulnerable to urban expansion and densification activities, warranting the careful planning of green infrastructure provision, and that moderate-to-high-scoring areas can be protected as conservation areas. The results are discussed in terms of the role of decision support tools for urban planning practice. Composite indexes can provide important guidance to decision-makers involved in spatial planning and urban upgrading and expansion activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decision Support Tool for Green Infrastructure Planning in the Face of Rapid Urbanization

Brom

Engemann

Breed

et al. 2023

Land

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“…Therefore, the normalised vegetation index (NDVI) was used to extract urban green patches; it is the most accurate indicator of plant development status and vegetation cover. It is frequently used to detect plant development status and cover and remove localised radiation errors [33,54,55]. Meanwhile, to eliminate cooling impact relationships between green areas or between green areas and water bodies and to increase the analysis's trustworthiness, we referred to the screening conditions for green city areas in related papers [56,57], with the establishment of the following rules for the selection of urban green area examples based on high-resolution Google Earth imagery, as Figure 3 illustrates: (1) green area samples were chosen to vary in size from their current state; (2) the vegetation cover of the sample of green areas chosen should be greater than 80%; and (3) the samples of green areas chosen have no water bodies within them and should be over two hundred meters distant from additional green areas or water bodies.…”

Section: Green City Areas Sample Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Urban Spatial Morphology Indicators on the Green Areas Cooling Effect: The Case of Changsha, China, a Subtropical City

Li,

Wang,

Cai

et al. 2024

Land

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Green city areas are crucial in mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect (UHI). However, the cooling effect of green city areas can be influenced by the surrounding complex urban spatial environment. This study focuses on Changsha, a subtropical city in China, where 40 green city areas were screened and analyzed. The study aims to quantify the specific impact of urban spatial morphology on the cooling effect of green city areas. Through statistical correlation and regression analysis, this study focused on six urban spatial morphology indicators: building density (BD), building floor area ratio (BFR), building volume density (BVD), building evenness index (BEI), building average height (BH), and building height standard deviation (BSD). The results indicate that the cooling effect of green city areas could be influenced by urban spatial morphology. Factors such as BD, BFR, BH, and BSD were found to be significantly correlated with the cooling effect of green city areas, with BH showing the strongest influence. BD and BFR were negatively correlated, while BH and BSD were positively correlated. The range values of BD, BFR, BH, and BSD were determined to achieve the optimal conditions for the cooling effect of green city areas. Additionally, the relative position of the green city areas in the neighboring urban areas affects the cooling effect of the green city areas. The cooling effect is most pronounced in the urban area situated to the south of the green city areas. These findings provide a solid foundation for urban planning around green city spaces and offer scientifically sound evidence for mitigating the UHI.

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“…A small number of studies in the EGM investigated the direct impact of UGBS on UHI effects (R. Chen & You, 2020;Cui et al, 2021;Di Leo et al, 2016;Herrera-Gomez et al, 2017;Knaus & Haase, 2020;Sugawara et al, 2016;Z. Yu et al, 2018;Žuvela-Aloise et al, 2016), while a larger sample investigated how the specific properties of UGBS attenuate UHI effects (Aram et al, 2019;Du et al, 2017;Ekwe et al, 2021;Grilo et al, 2020;Y. Hu et al, 2021;Jaganmohan et al, 2016;Ke et al, 2021;Klemm et al, 2015;P.…”

Section: Urban Heat Island Pollution and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Urban Green and Blue Spaces to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals: An Evidence Gap Map

et al. 2022

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The effect of green spaces on the urban thermal environment during a hot-dry season: a case study of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Cited by 20 publications

References 85 publications

A Decision Support Tool for Green Infrastructure Planning in the Face of Rapid Urbanization

A Decision Support Tool for Green Infrastructure Planning in the Face of Rapid Urbanization

Quantifying Urban Spatial Morphology Indicators on the Green Areas Cooling Effect: The Case of Changsha, China, a Subtropical City

The Contribution of Urban Green and Blue Spaces to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals: An Evidence Gap Map

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