The effect of green space behaviour and per capita area in small urban green spaces on psychophysiological responses

Lin, Wei; Chen, Qibing; Jiang, Mingyan; Zhang, Xiaoxia; Liu, Zongfang; Tao, Jinying; Wu, Linjia; Xu, Shan; Kang, Yushan; Zeng, Qiuyuan

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103637

Cited by 89 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to some studies (Table 1), green space with a size less than 2 ha in urban and suburban areas can be regarded as a PGS (Currie, 2017;Amaya-Espinel et al, 2019). In recent years, increasingly more studies had been dedicated to the diverse ecosystem services that PGS provide, such as serving as wildlife habitat for biodiversity conservation of birds (Ikin et al, 2013;Jasmani et al, 2017;Amaya-Espinel et al, 2019), fostering community interaction and recreation (Gibson and Canfield, 2016), and generating health benefits (Cohen et al, 2014;Peschardt et al, 2016;Lin et al, 2019), as PGS can be effectively deployed in urban areas due to its small size. PGS has started becoming an important component in modern urban planning and design (Nordh and Østby, 2013;Armato, 2017;Danford et al, 2018;Hu, 2018;Labuz, 2019;Balai Kerishnan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Recently, pocket green spaces (PGS), i.e., small green spaces, have attracted growing attention for their various ecological and social services. As a crucial part of urban green spaces in high-density urban areas, PGS facilitates recreation and relaxation for neighborhoods and thus improves the livability of cities at the local scale. However, whether and how the PGS cools the urban heat island effect is still unclear. This research was performed in the highly developed areas of the city of Shanghai during hot summer daytime. We applied a set of cooling effect indicators to estimate the cooling extent, cooling intensity, and cooling efficiency of PGS. We further examined whether and how landscape features within and surrounding the PGS influence its cooling effects. The results showed that 90% of PGS are cooler than their surroundings. Among the landscape features, the land surface temperature of PGS logarithmically decreased with its area, and the maximum local cool island intensity and maximum cooling area logarithmically increased with the area of PGS. The vegetation types and their composition within the PGS also influenced their surface temperature and the cooling effect. The PGS dominated by tree-shrub-grass showed the highest cooling efficiency. The surrounding landscape patterns, especially the patch density and the landscape shape index, influence the cooling effect of PGS at both class and landscape levels. These findings add new knowledge on factors influencing the cooling effect of PGS, and provide the biophysical theoretical basis for developing nature-based cooling strategies for urban landscape designers and planners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…A further increase of the percentage of vegetation area in park will not improve soundscape satisfaction degree. Lin et al (2019) found that tourists preferred lower per capita area of green space when sitting than when walking. Du et al (2016) found that landscape preference was not inevitably correlated with vegetation proportion as it was closely related to the type and structure of vegetation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Study on the Soundscape Satisfaction Degree of Urban Landscape Garden Parks

Di¹,

Xiang²,

Yao³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Establishing a public response model of soundscape in parks can provide a basis for the optimization of soundscape design. Three representative urban landscape garden parks were selected in Hangzhou, in which a number of evaluation points were chosen along soundwalk paths. Binaural sounds at each evaluation point were sampled by an artificial head and the landscapes of horizontal view and vertical view were obtained by panoramic photos and satellite images, respectively. An evaluation on soundscape of each point was conducted in laboratory based on virtual reality technology, and the correlations between 17 acoustic indicators, 35 landscape indicators and soundscape satisfaction degree were analyzed. The public response model of soundscape satisfaction degree in parks was established. Final indicators entering the model were the loudness level of sound, the aggregation index of water, the largest patch index of water and the landscape shape index of roads, and their standard regression coefficients were -0.666, - 0.561, 0.523 and -0.310, respectively. The impact weights of acoustics and landscape factors on the satisfaction were 32.3% and 67.7%. When the percentage of vegetation area in park exceeds 15%, its contribution to satisfaction degree will be close to a fixed value (reflected in the constant term of the model). The soundscape satisfaction can be effectively improved by reducing the loudness level of sound in parks, increasing the area of the largest water patch with scattered water patches around it, and reducing the shape complexity of road patches.

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“…The results did not support H1, which stated that higher levels of green exercise would have greater benefits to participants' emotions and attention than would lower levels. Six studies have compared the effects of two levels of green exercise, with most finding varying effects between different environments [11,27,28,30,31]. However, no differences were found in terms of the effects within similar environments [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only six studies [11,[27][28][29][30][31] have been published on this subject, which compared only the effects of two levels of green exercise, but not all three. In brief, the second level of green exercise (being in the presence of nearby nature) was found to have more positive influences than did the first level of green exercise (viewing nature) in terms of energy [11,27] and relaxation [31]. The third level of green exercise (active participation and involvement with nature) was also found to have a greater effect of stress restoration than the first level of green exercise (viewing nature) [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Three Levels of Green Exercise, Physical and Social Environments, Personality Traits, Physical Activity, and Engagement with Nature on Emotions and Attention

Han

2021

Sustainability

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The current study examined the effects of the three levels of green exercise on people’s psychological health using a randomized trial with a pretest and posttest design and further explored which variables of the physical environment (thermal comfort, noise, and air pollution), social environment (the number of companions and crowdedness), personality traits, physical activity (intensity and frequency), and engagement with nature may help explain experiences during the three levels of green exercise using a cross-sectional approach. Field studies were conducted to test the study’s hypotheses. The participants were 95 students from a technology university in Taiwan. The experiment comprised a 15-minute green exercise in a park. No significant differences were found in emotions and attention between the three levels of green exercise. However, a 15-minute green exercise of any level significantly improved emotions and attention. Furthermore, fatigue was significantly and negatively associated with daily transportation-related physical activity, agreeableness, and engagement with nature. Moreover, the total mood disturbance was significantly and negatively associated with engagement with nature and daily transportation-related physical activity. The degree of engagement with nature played a pivotal role in green exercise. This study provided the evidence that quantified engagement with nature is beneficial for quantified psychological health for the first time.

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The effect of green space behaviour and per capita area in small urban green spaces on psychophysiological responses

Cited by 89 publications

References 57 publications

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

A Study on the Soundscape Satisfaction Degree of Urban Landscape Garden Parks

Effects of Three Levels of Green Exercise, Physical and Social Environments, Personality Traits, Physical Activity, and Engagement with Nature on Emotions and Attention

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