The effect of glutamine on Dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats

Abstract

Background Previous studies have shown that chronic inflammation and oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and glutamine (Gln) have showed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. So the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of glutamine supplementation on PCOS rats. Methods Female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10 /group), control group, PCOS group, PCOS+ 0.5 g/kg Gln group and PCOS+ 1.0 g/kg Gln group. All the PCOS rats were administrated with 6 mg/100 g dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for 20 consecutive days, all the PCOS+Gln groups were intraperitoneal injected glutamine twice in the next morning after the last DHEA injection. All the samples were collected 12 h after the last administration. Ovarian histological examinations were analyzed and the concentration of serum hormone, inflammatory and oxidative stress factors were measured. Results There was no obvious ovarian histological change among the PCOS group and PCOS+Gln groups. All the detected inflammation factors [C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor] showed significantly higher in all the PCOS groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01), and were significantly decreased with the supplementation of 0.5 g/kg glutamine (P < 0.01). Concentrations of superoxide dismutase were significantly lower in all the PCOS groups (P < 0.01) compared to the control group, and increased significantly with the supplementation of 0.5 g/kg glutamine (P < 0.01). Serum concentrations of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide were significantly higher in PCOS group (P < 0.01) compared with the control group, and significantly decreased to the comparative levels of control group with supplementation of 0.5 g/kg glutamine (P < 0.01). Conclusion There is low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress in DHEA-induced PCOS rats. The supplementation of 0.5 g/kg glutamine could effectively ameliorate the inflammation and oxidative stress conditions of PCOS.

Elevated Serum Level of DHEAS as a Hormone and IL-6 as a Proinflammatory Cytokine May Better Indicate Metabolic Syndrome in PCOS Women

“…DHEAS level tended to be higher in PCOS women. Also, there was a correlation between age, BMI, IL-6 level, and DHEAS level as recent studies (25). As a result, our results suggest that endocrine hormone concentrations were significantly higher in PCOS.…”

Glutamine and norepinephrine in follicular fluid synergistically affect the antioxidant capacity of human granulosa cells and the outcome of IVF-ET

“…A study reported that human ovarian tissue was cryopreserved using freezing medium supplemented with cryoprotectants and antioxidants (L-glutamine and taurine) and exhibited good preservation of ovarian vascular integrity and functionality of granulosa cells post thawing [41]. Furthermore, the glutamine supplementation could effectively alleviate in ammatory reaction and oxidative stress in PCOS rats [40] and protect Chinese hamsters from radiation damage [42]. Thus, the relationships among the levels of Gln in follicular uid, cumulus GC function, and oocyte development are worthy of further study.…”

“…A research found that Gln was used as an additive substance to enhance antioxidant capacity in the breast muscle of heat-stressed broilers [38]. Moreover, Gln improves the body's resistance to stress [39] and restores the ovarian function of PCOS rats [40]. In addition, Gln, as the main energy supply substance for mitochondria to form ATP, is an important source of energy for oocyte maturation and the development of embryo [34].…”

Glutamine and norepinephrine in follicular fluid synergistically affect the antioxidant capacity of human granulosa cells and the outcome of IVF-ET

“…A research found that Gln was used as an additive substance to enhance antioxidant capacity in the breast muscle of heat-stressed broilers [42]. Moreover, Gln improves the body's resistance to stress [43] and restores the ovarian function of PCOS rats [44]. In addition, Gln, as the main energy supply substance for mitochondria to form ATP, is an important source of energy for oocyte maturation and the development of embryo [38].…”

“…and exhibited good preservation of ovarian vascular integrity and functionality of granulosa cells post thawing [45]. Furthermore, the glutamine supplementation could effectively alleviate in ammatory reaction and oxidative stress in PCOS rats [44] and protect Chinese hamsters from radiation damage [46]. Thus, the relationships among the levels of Gln in follicular uid, cumulus GC function, and oocyte development are worthy of further study.…”