The Effect of Geography on HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Tijuana’s Red Light District

Gaines, Tommi; Rusch, Melanie; Brouwer, Kimberly C.; Lozada, Remedios; Perkins, Emily E.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Patterson, Thomas L.

doi:10.1007/s11524-012-9735-1

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Diaries queried a variety of situational determinants previously suggested to play a key role in HIV transmission [12, 31–33]. Using closed-ended survey questions, each diary entry assessed mood, and the occurrence of any partnered sexual interaction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and Acceptability of Cell Phone Diaries to Measure HIV Risk Behavior Among Female Sex Workers

et al. 2014

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Individual, social, and structural factors affecting HIV risk behaviors among female sex workers (FSWs) are difficult to assess using retrospective surveys methods. To test the feasibility and acceptability of cell phone diaries to collect information about sexual events, we recruited 26 FSWs in Indianapolis, Indiana (US). Over 4 weeks, FSWs completed twice daily digital diaries about their mood, drug use, sexual interactions, and daily activities. Feasibility was assessed using repeated measures general linear modeling and descriptive statistics examined event-level contextual information and acceptability. Of 1,420 diaries expected, 90.3 % were completed by participants and compliance was stable over time (p > .05 for linear trend). Sexual behavior was captured in 22 % of diaries and participant satisfaction with diary data collection was high. These data provide insight into event-level factors impacting HIV risk among FSWs. We discuss implications for models of sexual behavior and individually tailored interventions to prevent HIV in this high-risk group.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and Acceptability of Cell Phone Diaries to Measure HIV Risk Behavior Among Female Sex Workers

et al. 2014

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“…Internal domestic and circular migration and mobility (eg, intraurban or intradistrict mobility, and short-term travel to sex-work hotspots) 33, 34, 35, 36 have been associated with enhanced HIV vulnerability, whereas long durations of mobility and international migration from non-endemic settings have been linked to high rates of condom use 37 and low HIV prevalences. 38 The complexity of migration and HIV is characterised by other geographical features and epidemic structures (eg, immigration or emigration to higher-prevalence settings and rural vs urban migration) that might confer or mitigate HIV risk among FSWs.…”

Section: Structural Determinants Of Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work environments for FSWs are shaped by economic features (eg, economic pressures, client financial incentives for non-condom use, refusal of payment, and bribes or fines by state agents [eg, police] to avoid arrest) resulting from macrostructural forces of poverty, laws, and access to resources and are associated with non-condom use27, 28, 29, 30, 40, 41, 48, 64, 70, 83, 84, 87, 91, 92, 93 and HIV infection among FSWs. 36, 65, 75, 94 Conversely, higher income and absence of economic dependence among FSWs mitigate HIV risks, including increased condom use 40, 48, 80, 86, 87 and lower HIV prevalence. 43, 71, 73, 74, 81, 94 …”

Section: Structural Determinants Of Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dialogue across social science and epidemiological research is needed. Several macrostructural features, including stigma, 25, 26 mobility, and migration 33, 34, 35, 36, 54, 68, 72, 139 are difficult to measure and require complex and dynamic methods to better delineate their role in the conferring or potentiating of HIV risk.…”

Section: Policy and Prevention Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Female sex workers (FSWs) bear a disproportionately large burden of HIV infection worldwide. Despite decades of research and programme activity, the epidemiology of HIV and the role that structural determinants have in mitigating or potentiating HIV epidemics and access to care for FSWs is poorly understood. We reviewed available published data for HIV prevalence and incidence, condom use, and structural determinants among this group. Only 87 (43%) of 204 unique studies reviewed explicitly examined structural determinants of HIV. Most studies were from Asia, with few from areas with a heavy burden of HIV such as sub-Saharan Africa, Russia, and eastern Europe. To further explore the potential effect of structural determinants on the course of epidemics, we used a deterministic transmission model to simulate potential HIV infections averted through structural changes in regions with concentrated and generalised epidemics, and high HIV prevalence among FSWs. This modelling suggested that elimination of sexual violence alone could avert 17% of HIV infections in Kenya (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1–31) and 20% in Canada (95% UI 3–39) through its immediate and sustained effect on non-condom use) among FSWs and their clients in the next decade. In Kenya, scaling up of access to antiretroviral therapy among FSWs and their clients to meet WHO eligibility of a CD4 cell count of less than 500 cells per μL could avert 34% (95% UI 25–42) of infections and even modest coverage of sex worker-led outreach could avert 20% (95% UI 8–36) of infections in the next decade. Decriminalisation of sex work would have the greatest effect on the course of HIV epidemics across all settings, averting 33–46% of HIV infections in the next decade. Multipronged structural and community-led interventions are crucial to increase access to prevention and treatment and to promote human rights for FSWs worldwide.

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“…15 Similarly in Tijuana, Mexico, HIV/STI prevalence was higher among FSWs soliciting sex from the periphery of a red-light district, compared with those within centralized areas, and these FSWs were more likely to experience harassment and exploitation that increased their risk for unsafe sex. 16,17 Mobility may also affect access to HIV prevention and harm reduction services within urban settings. 13,18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The longitudinal association of venue stability with consistent condom use among female sex workers in two Mexico–USA border cities

et al. 2013

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Summary We examined the relationship between venue stability and consistent condom use (CCU) among female sex workers who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs; n = 584) and were enrolled in a behavioural intervention in two Mexico–USA border cities. Using a generalized estimating equation approach stratified by client type and city, we found venue stability affected CCU. In Tijuana, operating primarily indoors was significantly associated with a four-fold increase in the odds of CCU among regular clients (odds ratio [OR]: 3.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44, 9.89), and a seven-fold increase among casual clients (OR: 7.18, 95% CI: 2.32, 22.21), relative to FSW-IDUs spending equal time between indoor and outdoor sex work venues. In Ciudad Juarez, the trajectory of CCU increased over time and was highest among those operating primarily indoors. Results from this analysis highlight the importance of considering local mobility, including venue type and venue stability, as these characteristics jointly influence HIV risk behaviours.

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The Effect of Geography on HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Tijuana’s Red Light District

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Feasibility and Acceptability of Cell Phone Diaries to Measure HIV Risk Behavior Among Female Sex Workers

Feasibility and Acceptability of Cell Phone Diaries to Measure HIV Risk Behavior Among Female Sex Workers

Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants

The longitudinal association of venue stability with consistent condom use among female sex workers in two Mexico–USA border cities

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