The effect of gender role, attitude toward leadership, and self‐confidence on leader emergence: Implications for leadership development

Abstract

Although research has indicated no substantial differences between the behaviors of male and female leaders, differences exist in perceptions of these behaviors. Leadership continues to be described in stereotypically masculine terms, although some evidence exists that an androgynous leadership style also may be related to perceptions of leadership. This study examined whether self‐perceptions of masculine gender role characteristics would predict individuals who were perceived by others as leaders on a team project and if other self‐report measures might be used instead to predict leadership. Results indicate that both attitude toward leadership and leadership experience were stronger predictors of leader emergence than masculine gender role.

The Reciprocal Effects of Self-View as a Leader and Leadership Emergence

“…Self-report measures have been shown to be a reliable way of measuring leader self-perception, with several studies demonstrating their predictive validity. (Kolb, 1999).…”

A Review of Gender and Full-Range Leadership Research and Suggestions for Future Research

“…They found that when female subjects were asked to describe characteristics of effective male and effective female leaders, female leaders were rated higher in consideration and structure. Couple this finding with the assertion that female leaders may be in a "double-bind" when exhibiting stereotypical masculine (leadership) behaviors (Kolb, 1999). In addition, she cites several studies that find that emulation of masculine leadership behaviors by women can have a negative effect on evaluation of them as leaders.…”

Masculinity and the Occupational Experience of Male Independent Escorts Who Seek Male Clients

“…Given the contextual nature of masculinity, it is proposed that in this particular sample, participants phrased their occupation through traditionally masculine signifiers, such as toughness and strength, as affirmed by participant conceptualisations of masculinity and past research (Boyce and Herd 2003;Kolb 1999). As conventional signifiers of masculinity, toughness and endurance are within the framework of hegemonic masculinity.…”

“…These discourses of masculinity were related to traditionally masculine signifiers, such as strength and dominance (Boyce and Herd 2003;Kolb 1999). By aligning masculinity to hegemonic norms, escorts defined their occupations by a framework that dominated and subordinated them.…”