The effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction on clinical prognosis and islet function for type 2 diabetic mellitus

Ren, Yuhang; Xiong, Peiyu; Zhong, Chun; Zhang, Peixu; Jia, Bo

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000024210

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Hypoglycemia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are the most common adverse reactions of metformin. 18 The results of the study showed less adverse reactions in the observation group than the control group, suggesting GQD plus metformin has better safety. GQD is traditionally used for diarrhea and dysentery in TCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Gegen Qinlian Decoction combined with Metformin for the treatment of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A retrospective observational study

Chen¹,

Zhou²,

Jiang³

et al. 2023

Pak J Med Sci

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Objectives: To investigate Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) combined with metformin for treatment of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed the clinical data of 89 patients diagnosed with T2DM in the Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Hainan Medical University from January 2021 to June 2022. Patients were non-randomized and divided into two groups based on the treatment received: observation group (n=41, GQD combined with metformin); control group (n=48, metformin only). Fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, clinical effect, blood glucose time in range and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, BMI and duration of T2DM between the two groups (P>0.05). The FBG, 2h glucose, HbA1c levels and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were significantly lower post-treatment (P<0.001) with a greater decrease in the observation group (P<0.001). The observation group was more clinically efficacious than the control group post-treatment (92.68% vs. 77.08%; P<0.05). Blood glucose time in range and the incidence of adverse reactions were lower in the observation group than the control group (P<0.001 and P<0.05). Conclusions: GQD combined with metformin can significantly reduce FBG, 2h glucose and HbA1c levels, and improve TCM syndrome, with good clinical efficacy, shorter blood glucose time in range and less adverse reactions. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7776 How to cite this: Chen Y, Zhou X, Jiang Z, Liu Y. Gegen Qinlian Decoction combined with Metformin for the treatment of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A retrospective observational study. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7776 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Clinical effect assessment is described below. 18 Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 (IBM, USA). Continuous, normally distributed variables were presented as mean ± SD, and Student's t-test was used to compare the differences between the two groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gegen Qinlian Decoction combined with Metformin for the treatment of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A retrospective observational study

Chen¹,

Zhou²,

Jiang³

et al. 2023

Pak J Med Sci

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“…Although GQD and metformin did not suppress the FBG level after islet β-cells were extremely decreased, they are still promising medicines in treating diabetes. Firstly, GQD and metformin could be used as effective medications to treat patients in the early stage of T2D or pre-diabetes [ 55 , 56 ]. Furthermore, the proliferation of α-cells stimulated by GQD and metformin provided an important source for α-cell to β-cell reprogramming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin and Gegen Qinlian Decoction boost islet α-cell proliferation of the STZ induced diabetic rats

Jois

Cui

2022

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background The traditional Chinese medicine Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD), as well as metformin, had been reported with anti-diabetic effects in clinical practice. Objective To verify whether these two medicines effectively ameliorate hyperglycemia caused by deficiency of islet β-cell mass which occurs in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Methods SD rats were injected with a single dose of STZ (55 mg/kg) to induce β-cell destruction. The rats were then divided into control, diabetes, GQD and metformin group. GQD and metformin groups were administered with GQD extract or metformin for 6 weeks. The islet α-cell or β-cell mass changes were tested by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. The potential targets and mechanisms of GQD and metformin on cell proliferation were tested using in silico network pharmacology. Real-time PCR was performed to test the expression of islet cells related genes and targets related genes. Results Both GQD and metformin did not significantly reduce the FBG level caused by β-cell mass reduction, but alleviated liver and pancreas histopathology. Both GQD and metformin did not change the insulin positive cell mass but increased α-cell proliferation of the diabetic rats. Gene expression analysis showed that GQD and metformin significantly increased the targets gene cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) and insulin receptor substrate (Irs1) level. Conclusion This research indicates that GQD and metformin significantly increased the α-cell proliferation of β-cell deficiency induced diabetic rats by restoring Cdk4 and Irs1 gene expression.

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“…GQD has been used to treat XIAOKE (T2DM) in TCM clinics. Previous clinical research has shown that it had a good effect of GQD decreasing blood glucose, improving islet function, reducing the insulin resistance index, and insulin secretion index in patients with T2DM (Ren et al., 2021; Ryuk et al., 2017). Meanwhile, GQD is often used to treat T2DM combined with hypoglycemic drugs (saxagliptin, Sax, metformin) in clinics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Gegenqinlian decoction on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of saxagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats

Yu,

Cui,

Yin

et al. 2023

Biopharm & Drug Disp

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Gegenqinlian decoction (GQD) is a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which originated from Shanghanlun. The combination of GQD and hypoglycemic drugs (saxagliptin, Sax, metformin) is often used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in TCM clinics. However, the herb–drug interactions (HDIs) between GQD and hypoglycemic drugs are still unclear. In order to determine the safety of the combination, we assessed the influences of GQD on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Sax in T2DM rats. The plasma concentration of Sax (5 mg/kg) pretreated with GQD (freeze‐dried powder, 1.35 g/kg) or not was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated. The influence of GQD on the pharmacodynamics of Sax was investigated by detecting the levels of weight, (see abbreviations list) OGTT, TC, TG, LDL‐C, HDL‐C, FBG, FINS, HOMA‐IR, QUICKI, AST, ALT, and the liver coefficient. The Cmax, AUC0‐t,and AUC0‐∞ of Sax increased significantly in the combination group whether in normal or T2DM rats. The results of pharmacodynamics showed that the weight of rats in each treatment group increased. FBG, TC, TG, LDL‐C, and HOMA‐IR decreased, HDL‐C, FINS, and QUICKI increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with the model control group. The result showed that the combination of GQD and Sax could not only improve the hypoglycemic effect but also increase the plasma exposure of Sax. The potential HDIs between GQD and Sax should be taken into consideration in clinics. Moreover, for the complexity of the human compared with experimental animals, as well as genetic differences, the in‐depth study should be carried out to assess the uniformity of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics between rats and humans.

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The effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction on clinical prognosis and islet function for type 2 diabetic mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Gegen Qinlian Decoction combined with Metformin for the treatment of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A retrospective observational study

Gegen Qinlian Decoction combined with Metformin for the treatment of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A retrospective observational study

Metformin and Gegen Qinlian Decoction boost islet α-cell proliferation of the STZ induced diabetic rats

Influence of Gegenqinlian decoction on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of saxagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats

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