The effect of gamma-linolenic acid, an in vitro cytostatic substance contained in evening primrose oil, on primary liver cancer. A double-blind placebo controlled trial

Merwe, C.F. van der; Booyens, J; Joubert, H.F.; Merwe, C. A. Van Der

doi:10.1016/0952-3278(90)90098-6

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…28 Regarding the core group, 4 studies compared treatment versus conservative management 29,30,32,33 and 2 compared treatment versus suboptimal therapies (one using systemic chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil 27 and one using oral tamoxifen 31 ). Four studies included 2 73 IV doxorubicin ϩ VM26 ϩ 5-FU (n ϭ 74 IV 75 IV deoxydoxorubicin (n ϭ 76 Oral tegafur/uracil (28) Excluded ( 82 Oral linolenic acid (31) Excluded (2) Placebo (31) NOTE. Fourteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Chemoembolization improves survival

2003

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There is no standard treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Survival benefits derived from medical interventions are controversial. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence of the impact of medical treatments on survival. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were published as full papers assessing survival for primary treatments of HCC were included. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, CANCERLIT, and a manual search from 1978 to May 2002 were used. The primary end point was survival, and the secondary end point was response to treatment. Estimates of effect were calculated according to the random effects model. Sensitivity analysis included methodological quality. We identified 61 randomized trials, but only 14 met the criteria to perform a meta-analysis assessing arterial embolization (7 trials, 545 patients) or tamoxifen T he incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing worldwide. 1 Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. 2 Cohort studies and cost-efficiency modeling have suggested that surveillance of well-defined cirrhotic patients may decrease tumor-related mortality. However, only 30% of patients benefit from curative therapies such as resection, transplantation, or percutaneous ablation 3 and achieve 5-year survival rates of 50% to 75%. 4 Most patients with HCC are diagnosed at intermediate to advanced stages, and there is no standard treatment for these patients. 3,4 The most reliable method to show survival advantages is to perform large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that include more than 1,000 patients comparing treatment versus no treatment in a well-defined strata of individuals. 5-10 These investigations are lacking in patients with HCC. On the contrary, several medical interventions have been tested in the setting of small RCTs. However, the reduced size of these studies may cause questions of their statistical power when detecting survival differences, which, as in many areas of health care and oncology, are unlikely to be large. This raises the need for a systematic meta-analysis assessment, with a major role to integrate valid information and provide estimates of treatment effects when RCTs themselves are not of sufficient size. 9,10 Two systematic reviews published years ago 11,12 suggested a potential benefit for at Abbreviations: HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; RCT, randomized controlled trial; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

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Section: Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Chemoembolization improves survival

2003

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“…Intravenous and oral treatments with GLA have achieved tumor responses in a number of advanced solid malignancies. [3][4][5] Enhanced lipid peroxidation has been proposed as one of the main mechanisms by which PUFAs such as GLA inhibit tumor cell growth. 1,2 Interestingly, GLA has also been shown to modulate the structure and function of steroid hormone receptors, 6 including the estrogen receptor (ER).…”

Section: Dear Sirmentioning

confidence: 99%

ω‐6 Polyunsaturated fatty acid γ‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐6) is a selective estrogen‐response modulator in human breast cancer cells: γ‐Linolenic acid antagonizes estrogen receptor‐dependent transcriptional activity, transcriptionally represses estrogen receptor expression and synergistically enhances tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 (Faslodex) efficacy in human breast cancer cells

Menendez

Colomer

Lupu

2004

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…4 -6 More recently, pilot clinical trials of GLA have achieved useful tumour regression and improved quality of life with negligible systemic toxicity in a variety of advanced solid malignancies. [7][8][9][10] GLA and other EFAs have been shown to enhance the in vitro anti-cancer actions of radiotherapy and of cytotoxic drugs and may have beneficial role in the reversal of multi-drug resistance. 3 In the current work the effects of GLA combined with an endocrine agent in a hormonally responsive cancer have been explored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary GLA+/?tamoxifen on the growth, ER expression and fatty acid profile of ER positive human breast cancer xenografts

et al. 2001

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The effect of gamma-linolenic acid, an in vitro cytostatic substance contained in evening primrose oil, on primary liver cancer. A double-blind placebo controlled trial

Cited by 29 publications

References 2 publications

Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Chemoembolization improves survival

Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Chemoembolization improves survival

Effect of dietary GLA+/?tamoxifen on the growth, ER expression and fatty acid profile of ER positive human breast cancer xenografts

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