The effect of fuel type on the performance of a direct carbon fuel cell with molten alkaline electrolyte

Kacprzak, Andrzej; Kobyłecki, Rafał; Włodarczyk, Renata; Bis, Zbigniew

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.012

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Ash accounts for less than 7.5 wt % of the total weight. This ash content is higher in comparison to the ash content of a commercial biochar (2.7 wt %) tested by other authors in a DCFC system based on molten hydroxide electrolyte [13] but significantly lower than the ash content of a carbonized wood biomass (66.93 wt %) prepared by other authors and tested in a DCFC system based on molten carbonate electrolyte [17]. Fig.…”

Section: Fuel Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Investigation of chemical and electrochemical reactions mechanisms in a direct carbon fuel cell using olive wood charcoal as sustainable fuel

Elleuch

Halouani

2015

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Fuel Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Investigation of chemical and electrochemical reactions mechanisms in a direct carbon fuel cell using olive wood charcoal as sustainable fuel

Elleuch

Halouani

2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Biocharbased activated carbon has shown promising results as a gas adsorbent to capture and store carbon dioxide [58] and hydrogen [94]. Biochar also has the potential to replace coal in direct carbon fuel cell systems (DCFC) [49,79]. Recently, many researchers used biochar as a raw material for fabricating supercapacitor [8,50,59,103].…”

Section: Products Of Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial conversion of pyrolytic products to biofuels: a novel and sustainable approach toward second-generation biofuels

Islam

Hassan

et al. 2015

Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology

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This review highlights the potential of the pyrolysis-based biofuels production, bio-ethanol in particular, and lipid in general as an alternative and sustainable solution for the rising environmental concerns and rapidly depleting natural fuel resources. Levoglucosan (1,6-anhydrous-β-D-glucopyranose) is the major anhydrosugar compound resulting from the degradation of cellulose during the fast pyrolysis process of biomass and thus the most attractive fermentation substrate in the bio-oil. The challenges for pyrolysis-based biorefineries are the inefficient detoxification strategies, and the lack of naturally available efficient and suitable fermentation organisms that could ferment the levoglucosan directly into bio-ethanol. In case of indirect fermentation, acid hydrolysis is used to convert levoglucosan into glucose and subsequently to ethanol and lipids via fermentation biocatalysts, however the presence of fermentation inhibitors poses a big hurdle to successful fermentation relative to pure glucose. Among the detoxification strategies studied so far, over-liming, extraction with solvents like (n-butanol, ethyl acetate), and activated carbon seem very promising, but still further research is required for the optimization of existing detoxification strategies as well as developing new ones. In order to make the pyrolysis-based biofuel production a more efficient as well as cost-effective process, direct fermentation of pyrolysis oil-associated fermentable sugars, especially levoglucosan is highlly desirable. This can be achieved either by expanding the search to identify naturally available direct levoglusoan utilizers or modify the existing fermentation biocatalysts (yeasts and bacteria) with direct levoglucosan pathway coupled with tolerance engineering could significantly improve the overall performance of these microorganisms.

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“…Results showed the feasibility of using (bio)char as a low-cost, renewable fuel for DCFCs notwithstanding its relatively low carbon and high ash contents, achieving fuel cell power density of about 60-70% compared to coal-based fuel cells. In a comparison of carbon fuels for DCFCs (commercial graphite, carbon black, two types of commercial coal, five biochar types) on cell performance, commercially available (bio)char achieved the second highest generation (64.2 mA/cm 2 ) and power densities (32.8 mW/cm 2 ) [66].…”

Section: (Bio)char In Fuel Cell Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Beneficial Uses of (Bio)Chars, with Special Attention to Products from Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis

2018

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Abstract:Residual sludge disposal costs may constitute up to, and sometimes above, 50% of the total cost of operation of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and contribute approximately 40% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with its operation. Traditionally, wastewater sludges are processed for: (a) reduction of total weight and volume to facilitate their transfer and subsequent treatments; (b) stabilization of contained organic material and destruction of pathogenic microorganisms, elimination of noxious odors, and reduction of putrefaction potential and, at an increasing degree; (c) value addition by developing economically viable recovery of energy and residual constituents. Among several other processes, pyrolysis of sludge biomass is being experimented with by some researchers. From the process, oil with composition not dissimilar to that of biodiesels, syngas, and a solid residue can be obtained. While the advantage of obtaining sludge-derived liquid and gaseous fuels is obvious to most, the solid residue from the process, or char (also indicated as biochar by many), may also have several useful, initially unexpected applications. Recently, the char fraction is getting attention from the scientific community due to its potential to improve agricultural soils' productivity, remediate contaminated soils, and supposed, possible mitigation effects on climate change. This paper first discusses sludge-pyrolysis-derived char production fundamentals (including relationships between char, bio-oil, and syngas fractions in different process operating conditions, general char properties, and possible beneficial uses). Then, based on current authors' experiments with microwave-assisted sludge pyrolysis aimed at maximization of liquid fuel extraction, evaluate specific produced char characteristics and production to define its properties and most appropriate beneficial use applications in this type of setting.

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The effect of fuel type on the performance of a direct carbon fuel cell with molten alkaline electrolyte

Cited by 67 publications

References 14 publications

Investigation of chemical and electrochemical reactions mechanisms in a direct carbon fuel cell using olive wood charcoal as sustainable fuel

Investigation of chemical and electrochemical reactions mechanisms in a direct carbon fuel cell using olive wood charcoal as sustainable fuel

Microbial conversion of pyrolytic products to biofuels: a novel and sustainable approach toward second-generation biofuels

Properties and Beneficial Uses of (Bio)Chars, with Special Attention to Products from Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis

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