The effect of frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters on the lightning performance of typical wind-turbine grounding systems

Alípio, Rafael; Conceição, Daiane Leal da; Dias, Rosilene N.; Visacro, Silvério; Yamamoto, Kazuo

doi:10.1109/sipda.2017.8116951

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Various studies have been conducted on the effects of lightning on PV and WT systems, either theoretically by using appropriate simulation software [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], or experimentally by performing field measurements or laboratory tests [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In [16,17], a lightning effects analysis on a grid-connected PV farm was performed by using Power System Computer-Aided Design for Electromagnetic Transients including Direct Current (PSCAD/EMTDC) software.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [28], an experimental study of lightning overvoltage based on using a reduced-size model was performed in WT generation systems. In [29], the impact of the soil electrical parameter's frequency dependence on the lightning performance of typical WT grounding systems was investigated based on simulation and experimental works. In [30], research advances in LPSs for offshore WTs were presented for the physical mechanism aspects of lightning attachment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of Lightning-Induced Transient Effects on a Hybrid Photovoltaic–Wind System Based on Lightning Protection Standards

et al. 2023

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Installing surge protection devices in a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)–wind system is essential to guarantee the survival of the system’s components. If the surge arresters are connected without taking into account the recommendations given by standards, the equipment to be protected might be damaged despite the energy coordination of the arresters. In this study, nonlinear surge protective devices (SPDs) are designed for a multi-MW hybrid system based on lightning protection standards with optimised threat level ratings to investigate the mitigation of lightning transients to an acceptable level. The system is implemented using Power System Computer-Aided Design for Electromagnetic Transients including Direct Current (PSCAD/EMTDC) software. It comprises a 2 MW PV farm, a 2 MW wind farm, and a backup energy storage system (ESS), which are all connected to a 132 kV grid via a step-up transformer and a transmission line. The results were obtained at critical system nodes for two standard lightning current surges, i.e., 1/10 µs and 10/350 µs, considering two lightning strike point scenarios with and without a lightning protection system (LPS). The simulation results showed that the connected SPDs could successfully limit the transient overvoltage in the system to an acceptable level. The analysis in this work is crucial for designing, operating, and maintaining a hybrid PV–wind system. It can help to find the potential vulnerability areas within such a system and implement appropriate protection measures since there is no available lightning standard for such systems. Additionally, it assists the system operators in increasing the uptime and dependability of their RE systems, limiting expensive downtime and environmental effects while optimising energy output. Based on the results obtained, recommendations were made for lightning protection developers.

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