The effect of freeze-thaw cycles on phosphorus release from riparian macrophytes in cold regions

Whitfield, Colin J.; Casson, Nora J.; North, Rebecca L.; Venkiteswaran, Jason J.; Ahmed, Osama; Leathers, Jeremy; Nugent, Katy; Prentice, Tyler; Baulch, Helen M.

doi:10.1080/07011784.2018.1558115

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Site abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Whitfield et al, 2019). In this study, as in others in this region, the majority of TP is in the dissolved form.…”

Section: Temporal Patterns and Drivers Of Stream Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The same argument could be true for TP, which is also known to desorb from surface soils or leach from vegetation, and residue left on fields over the winter, and can be released from during freeze-thaw cycles in the late fall (Tiessen et al, 2010;Elliott, 2013;Liu et al, 2013; 1. Whitfield et al, 2019). In this study, as in others in this region, the majority of TP is in the dissolved form.…”

Section: Temporal Patterns and Drivers Of Stream Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 75%

“…In that paper, the authors suggest that high NO 3 concentrations in snow and surface flow, resulting from nutrient‐rich plant residues left on the field in the fall, result in very high concentrations in the initial snowmelt, but as the melt progresses and soils thaw, runoff becomes dominated by throughflow and NO 3 concentrations decrease. The same argument could be true for TP, which is also known to desorb from surface soils or leach from vegetation, and residue left on fields over the winter, and can be released from during freeze–thaw cycles in the late fall (Tiessen et al, 2010; Elliott, 2013; Liu et al, 2013; Whitfield et al, 2019). In this study, as in others in this region, the majority of TP is in the dissolved form.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Hydrological and Seasonal Controls of Phosphorus in Northern Great Plains Agricultural Streams

2019

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Controls on nutrient transport in cold, low-relief agricultural regions vary dramatically among seasons. The spring snowmelt is often the dominant runoff and nutrient loading event of the year. However, climate change may increase the proportion of runoff occurring with rainfall, and there is an urgent need to understand seasonal controls on nutrient transport to understand how patterns may change in the future. In this study, we assess patterns and drivers of total P (TP) dynamics in eight streams draining agriculturally dominated watersheds, located in southern Manitoba, Canada. Data from three years of monitoring revealed highly coherent patterns of TP concentrations in streams, with pronounced peaks in the spring and midsummer across the region. This coherent pattern was in spite of considerable interannual variability in the magnitude and timing of discharge; in particular, a major storm event occurred in summer 2014, which resulted in more discharge than the preceding spring melt. Concentration-discharge model fits were generally poor or not significant, suggesting that runoff generation is not the primary driver of TP dynamics in the majority of streams. Seasonal patterns of conductivity and stream temperature suggest that mechanisms controlling TP vary by season; a spring TP concentration maximum may be related to surface runoff over frozen soils, whereas the summer TP maximum may be related to temperature-driven biogeochemical processes, which are not well represented in current conceptual or predictive models. These findings suggest that controls on stream TP concentrations are dynamic through the year, and responses to increases in dormant and nondormant season temperatures may depend on seasonally variable processes.

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“…Site abbreviations are defined in Table 1. Whitfield et al, 2019). In this study, as in others in this region, the majority of TP is in the dissolved form.…”

Section: Temporal Patterns and Drivers Of Stream Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Temporal Patterns and Drivers Of Stream Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Hydrological and Seasonal Controls of Phosphorus in Northern Great Plains Agricultural Streams

2019

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“…For example, frequent temperatures T A B L E 2 Estimated long-term trends for three statistical T w models, each using a different air temperature input. fauna (e.g., Richards et al, 2004;Saintilan et al, 2014;Whitfield et al, 2019). For these reasons, the increased November-February water temperature (Figure 7) likely carries important implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming of the lower Columbia River, 1853 to 2018

Scott

Talke

Jay

et al. 2023

River Research & Apps

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Water temperature is a critical ecological indicator; however, few studies have statistically modeled century‐scale trends in riverine or estuarine water temperature, or their cause. Here, we recover, digitize, and analyze archival temperature measurements from the 1850s onward to investigate how and why water temperatures in the lower Columbia River are changing. To infill data gaps and explore changes, we develop regression models of daily historical Columbia River water temperature using time‐lagged river flow and air temperature as the independent variables. Models were developed for three time periods (mid‐19th, mid‐20th, and early 21st century), using archival and modern measurements (1854–1876; 1938–present). Daily and monthly averaged root‐mean‐square errors overall are 0.89°C and 0.77°C, respectively for the 1938–2018 period. Results suggest that annual averaged water temperature increased by 2.2°C ± 0.2°C since the 1850s, a rate of 1.3°C ± 0.1°C/century. Increased water temperatures are seasonally dependent. An increase of approximately 2.0°C ± 0.2°C/century occurs in the July–Dec time‐frame, while springtime trends are statistically insignificant. Rising temperatures change the probability of exceeding ecologically important thresholds; since the 1850s, the number of days with water temperatures over 20°C increased from ~5 to 60 per year, while the number below 2°C decreased from ~10 to 0 days/per year. Overall, the modern system is warmer, but exhibits less temperature variability. The reservoir system reduces sensitivity to short‐term atmospheric forcing. Statistical experiments within our modeling framework suggest that increased water temperature is driven by warming air temperatures (~29%), altered river flow (~14%), and water resources management (~57%).

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“…Studies cited include results from diverse ecosystems (1: Henry, 2008; 2: Brin et al., 2019; 3: Lim et al., 2020; 4: Schimel & Clein, 1996; 5: Herrmann & Witter, 2002; 6: Mørkved et al., 2006; 7: Matzner & Borken, 2008; 8: Risk et al., 2013; 9: Libby et al., 2020; 10: Song et al., 2006; 11: Yanai et al., 2004; 12: Yu et al., 2011; 13: Koponen et al., 2006; 14: Feng et al., 2007; 15: Yanai et al., 2007; 16: Juan et al., 2020; 17: Sharma et al., 2006; 18: Pesaro et al., 2003; 19: Wagner‐Riddle et al., 2017). Other impacts of FTCs include the breakup of sediment particles and organic matter (Liao et al., 2019), release of nutrients from aboveground plant tissue (Whitfield et al., 2019) and the induction of pulses of nitrous oxide emission (Lu et al., 2015; Wagner‐Riddle et al., 2017). DNRA, dissimilatory NO 3 – reduction to NH 4 + ; DOC, dissolved organic C…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold spots and cold moments: The potential for sediment freezing to depress denitrification in wetland sediments

et al. 2022

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Within the north-temperate zone, winters can be long and are associated with conditions of low temperature and potential for sediment freezing. There are critical gaps in our knowledge of biogeochemical cycling during winter and inadequate knowledge of how warming winters and changing snowpack might affect biogeochemistry. Here, we assessed the impacts of sediment freeze-thaw cycling and nitrate amendment on denitrification rates in the littoral fringe of four urban wetlands. We demonstrate the potential for experimental sediment freezing to suppress denitrification, although freezing effects were not observed at all sites. Multiple freeze-thaw cycles were assessed, and, although subsequent cycles may affect denitrification, the first instance of our experimental freezing seems the most critical. Although this work demonstrates potential sensitivity of wetland denitrification rates to changing winter conditions, we note nitrate availability has a larger impact upon denitrification rates. This suggests nitrification rates and changing nitrate loads may be more important determinants of nitrate retention than sediment freeze-thaw history. Although there has been great interest in hot spots and moments for biogeochemical cycling, we suggest there is similar need to understand cold spots and moments, as evidenced here. This is particularly important where cold moments may correspond with critical periods of nitrate transport, such as snowmelt. INTRODUCTIONUrban environments can act as a source of nitrogen (N) to downstream aquatic ecosystems (

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The effect of freeze-thaw cycles on phosphorus release from riparian macrophytes in cold regions

Cited by 11 publications

References 66 publications

Hydrological and Seasonal Controls of Phosphorus in Northern Great Plains Agricultural Streams

Hydrological and Seasonal Controls of Phosphorus in Northern Great Plains Agricultural Streams

Warming of the lower Columbia River, 1853 to 2018

Cold spots and cold moments: The potential for sediment freezing to depress denitrification in wetland sediments

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