A ten year study on the influence of pre-blossom temperatures on the percentage of double kerneled almond fruits, under warm climatic conditions, showed a negative correlation between the percentage of fruits with double kernels and mean temperatures during the pre-blossom months. When mean temperatures for single pre-blossom months were correlated with double-kernel production, mean temperatures in December showed a much larger correlation (r = -0.78) than those of November (r = -0.51) or January (r = -0.31).Artificially induced 3-4°C daytime increases in pre-blossom temperature on the variety 'Malaguena' which commonly produces double kernels, caused a marked fall in the percentage of double kerneled fruits, although it did not affect the percentage fruit set. Our results may indicate an important influence of preblossom temperatures on ovule viability. Grasselly C, Gall H. 1967. Etude sur la posibilite de combinaison de quelques caracteres agromiques chez l'amandier Cristomorto hybride par trois autres varietes. Annals of Amklioration of Plantes Jackson J E, Hamer P C J. 1980. The causes of year-to-year variation in the average yield of Cox's Orange Pippin apple in England. Journal of Horticultural Science 55: 149-156. Jackson J E, Hamer P C J, Wickenden M F. 1983. Effects of early temperatures on the set of fruits of Cox's Orange Pippin apple and year-to-year variation in its yields. Acta Horticulturae 139:75-82. Miller J M, Wickenden M F, Jackson J E. 1986. Effects of pre-blossom temperatures on Cox's fruit set potential. Annual Report of East Mulling Research Station for 1985, p. 157. Miller J M, Costa J, Wickenden M F, McKenzie K A D, Jackson J E. 1987. Effects of pre-blossom temperatures on Cox's flower fertility. Annual Report of East Mulling Research Station for 1986, Rattigan K, Hill S J. 1986. Relationship between temperature and flowering in almond. Australian Spiegel-Roy P, Kochba J. 1974. The inheritance of bitter and double kernel characters in the almond