The effect of four anesthetic protocols on splenic size in dogs

Wilson, Deborah V.; Evans, AT; Carpenter, Rachael E.; Mullineaux, David R.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2987.2004.00152.x

Cited by 75 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The changes in these parameters are due on the one hand, to direct effects of anesthetic drugs on organs -both vasodilation of smooth vascular muscles and hormone-mediated effects -and suppression of catecholamine release (6). Previous studies of ours of both principal stress hormones (adrenaline and cortisol) in cats showed correlation between periods of hormonal levels decline and lower content of Hb and Hc, and reduced erythrocytes counts (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect Of Three Anesthetic Protocols On The Haematological Indices In Cats During Ovariohysterectomy

Zlateva¹,

Marinov²

2015

MedInform

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The investigation was performed on 21 healthy adult cats in order to evaluate the effects of three anesthetic protocols on haematological indices during the anesthesia, surgery and for a 24-hour post-surgery period. The animals were divided in to three experimental groups (n=7 in each). The first group (Х/К group) was premedicated with 2 mg/kg xylazine i.m., the second group (In group) -with 0.025 mg/kg acepromazine i.m., and the third group (ММ group) -with 0.025 mg/kg acepromazine i.m., 0.4 mg/kg butorphanol i.m. and 0.3 mg/kg metacam s.c. The induction and maintenance of anesthesia in group Х/К was done with 10 mg/kg ketamine i.v., while in the other two groups, induction with done with 5 mg/kg propofol i.v. After intubation, anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane 2.5 vol% in group In and 1.8 vol% in group ММ in oxygen flow 2.0 l/min. Blood samples were collected prior to anesthesia -0 min and at min 30, 60, 120 and hour 24 after the inception of anesthesia. A statistically significant reduction in erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin and haematocrit was observed in the three experimental groups immediately after the beginning of anesthesia. Total white blood cells count was also substantially changed, but marked decrease in leukocyte, granulocyte and lymphocyte counts in groups In and X/K were established on min 120, while in group MM -by the 60th min. The three tested anesthetic protocols decreased the studied blood parameters after the beginning of anesthesia, most probably as a result of neuro-hormonal interactions of the anesthetic drugs and the related blood volume redistribution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect Of Three Anesthetic Protocols On The Haematological Indices In Cats During Ovariohysterectomy

Zlateva¹,

Marinov²

2015

MedInform

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“…Although splenomegaly was observed in a study using 0.044 mg/kg acepromazine, Wilson, Evans and Carpenter (2004) found lower spleen measure values when acepromazine was used with butorphanol, propofol and halothane. Thus, other drugs seem to influence acepromazine effect because the spleen measurements were higher when acepromazine was administered with butorphanol, thiopental and halothane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disagreeing with these authors, Baldo et al (2012) found no difference in spleen volume by computed tomography after acepromazine use (0.03 mg/kg). These results may indicate that with lower dosages there is no effect on the spleen, but the increase may occur with a 0.044 mg/kg acepromazine dose (WILSON; EVANS; CARPENTER, 2004). The great number of innervated fibers controlled by the adrenergic system is one possible explanation for the increase in spleen size after acepromazine administration; this drug promote adrenal suppression leading to relaxation of the splenic capsule and subsequent splenomegaly (LANG; EGLEN; HENRY, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This sequestration can be detrimental to some animals (WILSON; EVANS; CARPENTER, 2004), especially those that are hematological impaired prior to surgery. Mechanism of splenomegaly associated with the acepromazine administration is not known but may be related to the α1-adrenergic blockade leading to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilatation with consequent passive congestion; these changes allow stretching of the spleen capsule's smooth muscle fibers, with enlargement and the increased number of cells (LANG;EGLEN;HENRY, 1979;O´BRIEN;WALLER;OSGOOD, 2004;PARRY;ANDERSON, 1983;WILSON;EVANS;CARPENTER, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wilson, Evans e Carpenter (2004) analyzed the effects of anesthetic protocols involving acepromazine (0.044 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.22 mg/kg) on splenic size and hematological profiles and found decreased hematocrit values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congestão esplênica associada a aplicação de acepromazina em cães

Tavares

Souza

Olivaes

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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The effects splenic dilatation induced by acepromazine in a prospective, randomized study. Thirtythree adult mongrel dogs were divided into two groups designated as AG (acepromazine 0.05 mg/kg, i.v., n = 23) and CG (0.9% sodium chloride administered at a similar volume, n = 10). In both groups underwent sonographic examinations before (T0) and fifteen minutes (T15) after drug injection. The thickness spleen and splenic vein width were measured. Higher thickness was found in the AG group at T15 (2.47 cm) when compared to that at T0 (2.06 cm, p = 0.016), while the T0 (2.33 cm) and T15 (2.39 cm) measures did not differ within the CG group. Moreover, the splenic vein width was higher (p = 0.013) at T15 than at T0 in the AG group. Based on results of this study, we concluded that acepromazine, in doses of 0.05 mg/kg, promotes splenomegaly in dogs after fifteen minutes of the injection.Keywords: Canis lupus familiaris. Phenothiazines. Splenomegaly. ResumoForam avaliados os efeitos de dilatação esplênica induzidos pela acepromazina em estudo do tipo prospectivo e randomizado. Trinta e três cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos designados como GA (acepromazina 0,05 mg/kg, i.v., n = 23) e GC (solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% em volume semelhante ao GA, i.v., n = 10). Em ambos os grupos foi realizada ultrassonografia abdominal previamente à aplicação das substâncias (T0) e após 15 minutos (T15). A espessura do baço e a largura da veia esplênica foram mensuradas. Foi verificada maior espessura esplênica no GA no T15 (2,47 cm) quando comparado a T0 (2,06 cm, p = 0,016), enquanto no GC não houve diferença significativa, sendo T0 (2,33 cm) e T15 (2,39 cm). Ainda, a largura da veia esplênica foi maior no T15 (p = 0,013) comparado a T0 no GA. Baseado nos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que a acepromazina na dose de 0,05 mg/kg induz a esplenomegalia em cães após 15 minutos da aplicação. Palavras-chave:Canis lupus familiaris. Fenotiazínicos. Esplenomegalia.

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Hematologic Disorders

and

Brainard

2014

Canine and Feline Anesthesia and Co‐Existing Disease

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The effect of four anesthetic protocols on splenic size in dogs

Cited by 75 publications

References 16 publications

Effect Of Three Anesthetic Protocols On The Haematological Indices In Cats During Ovariohysterectomy

Effect Of Three Anesthetic Protocols On The Haematological Indices In Cats During Ovariohysterectomy

Congestão esplênica associada a aplicação de acepromazina em cães

Hematologic Disorders

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