The Effect of Formic Acid with Formalin on Grass Silage Fermentation and the Performance of Dairy Cows

Haigh, P. M.; Mansbridge, R J

doi:10.1006/jaer.1997.0233

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The un-chopped silage was higher in NDF% and ADL%, whilst the lowest percent of CP% was in unchopped treated silage. These data are agreed with those of Haigh and Mansbridge (1998) and Abou El-Enin, (2005) who ensiled perennial ryegrass and berseem clover (BC), respectively. Shrestha et al (1998) and Mustafa and Seguin (2003) reported that NDF of BC silage ranged between 36.9 to 45.5% and ADF ranged 25.7 to 33%.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Physical and Chemical Treatments on Berseem Silage Quality, Nutritive Values, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Metabolites of Rams

El-Hady

Gabr²,

El-Ayouty³

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal and Poultry Production

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The object of this study was to investigate the effect of wilting, chopping and formic acid treatment on berseem silage quality besides determination of digestibility, rumen fermentation and blood metabolites of rams fed tested rations. Berseem forage (at 3 rd cut) was manually chopped at 2-3 cm of length and wilted for 0, 24 or 48 hr and thereafter ensiled with or without formic acid (0.5%) treatment in plastic barrels. At the same time, another quantity of un-chopped berseem forage was wilted for 24 hr and ensiled with or without formic acid treatment. Digestibility trials were conducted to evaluate the utilization of berseem silages using mature Ossimi rams. The results showed that DM of berseem silage increased by wilting to around 20% and 30% for 24 hr and 48 hr, respectively. The wilted silage for 24 hr and treated with formic acid (S4) had the lowest value of pH (being 3.87), the highest level of lactic acid (3.15%) the lowest level of acetic (1.57%) and butyric acids (0.0%) with Flieg's score 90. The lowest level of lactate and Flieg's score of quality, whilst the highest pH value was obtained in un-chopped berseem silage either treated or untreated with formic acid. Likewise, the highest count of lactobacilli, the lowest mold and clostridia were found in S4, which were positive correlated with fermentation parameters. Digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE and CF was higher (P<0.01) in un-wilted than wilted silages, as well as, nutritive values had a similar trend. The intake of TDN, DCP and ME was higher (P<0.05) in wilted silage rations than un-wilted. Formic acid treatment improved (P<0.05) digestibility of most nutrients, whilst nutritive values did not differ significantly. The nutrients digestibility of un-chopped silage was lower than chopped silage except for CF and its fractions. The quality index (QI) value was (P<0.05) improved by wilting of silage. The lowest value of QI was found in un-chopped and unwilted silages. Rumen liquor parameters were not significantly affected by wilting or formic acid treatment, except for NH3-N and TVFA's which were higher in wilted than un-wilted silage. The highest (P<0.01) value of NH3-N and TVFA's was showed in wilted for 24 hr and treated silage. The pH, eNDF and NH3-N values were higher in un-chopped than chopped silage ration. Blood hemoglobin and hematocrite values, as well as plasma total protein and glucose (P<0.01) increased in wilted silage groups than un-wilted. Whereas, formic acid did not affect blood parameters. It could be concluded that, the lowest quality and digestibility was obtained with un-chopped silage either with or without formic acid treatment. Chopping and wilting berseem forage for 24 hr (about 20% DM) as pre-ensiled treatments with formic acid sprinkle produced the best quality silage and higher digestibility without any side effect on health of rams during the experimental period, which could be resulted in improvement growth performance of the animal.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Physical and Chemical Treatments on Berseem Silage Quality, Nutritive Values, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Metabolites of Rams

El-Hady

Gabr²,

El-Ayouty³

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal and Poultry Production

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“…Currently, its largest application is as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feeds . Studies also showed that the silage fermentation process was improved when formic acid was added to silage . In Australia (AUS), ethyl formate, a derivative of formic acid, is registered for use for the disinfestation of dried fruits, and studies demonstrated that 100 % mortality of adult weevils in apples could be achieved by using ethyl formate, without negatively impacting on the quality or shelf life of the apples .…”

Section: La Applications and Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17] Studiesa lso showedt hat the silage fermentation process wasi mproved when formic acid was added to silage. [45] In Australia( AUS), ethyl formate, ad erivative of formic acid, is registeredf or use for the disinfestation of dried fruits,a nd studies demonstrated that 100 %m ortality of adult weevils in apples could be achieved by using ethyl formate,w ithout negatively impacting on the quality or shelf life of the apples. [46] Unlike other pesticides,e thyl formate effectively kills insects,b ut quickly breaksd own to naturally occurring products that are not harmful when ingested in reasonable quantities.…”

Section: Agricultural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Levulinic Acid and Ethyl Levulinate Economically Viable: A Worldwide Technoeconomic and Environmental Assessment of Possible Routes

et al. 2017

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Ethyl levulinate is a diesel additive that has received special attention recently due to its potential for production in large quantities from inexpensive feedstocks. Several processes have been developed for the conversion of biomass into levulinic acid and ethyl levulinate, and an economic analysis of these routes would indicate the main hindering factors of their commercialization. This Review focuses on filling this gap in current knowledge by gathering data from scientific papers and patents to create a simulation to analyze processes by focusing on the production of ethyl levulinate in nine countries or regions across the globe. The key indicator to analyze the economic feasibility of ethyl levulinate production is a comparison of its minimum selling price to the local wholesale price of diesel on an energy basis. Processes simulated in Brazil, China, and India presented promising results with feedstocks such as sugarcane bagasse and rice residues. Also, the integration of ethyl levulinate production into existing ethanol plants is a factor that may improve process economics. Overall, this Review specifies key factors in economic and environmental performances of the processes to indicate research topics that could achieve high impact on industrial‐scale processes once matured.

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The Effect of Formic Acid with Formalin on Grass Silage Fermentation and the Performance of Dairy Cows

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Physical and Chemical Treatments on Berseem Silage Quality, Nutritive Values, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Metabolites of Rams

Effect of Physical and Chemical Treatments on Berseem Silage Quality, Nutritive Values, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Metabolites of Rams

Making Levulinic Acid and Ethyl Levulinate Economically Viable: A Worldwide Technoeconomic and Environmental Assessment of Possible Routes

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