The effect of footwear and sports-surface on dynamic neurological screening for sport-related concussion

Schneiders, Anthony G.; Sullivan, S. John; Kvarnström, Johan; Olsson, Maria; Ydén, Tobias; Marshall, Stephen W.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2010.01.003

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Further, the improved performance of the control group at FB supports previous findings that barefoot testing on a grass surface does not adversely affect postural control. 23 The study's results agree that an increase of several errors is normal when performing sideline BESS assessments. 14 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Sideline Performance of the Balance Error Scoring System during a Live Sporting Event

Rahn

Munkasy

Joyner

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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Objective The purpose was to examine the influence of a live sporting sideline environment on balance error scoring system (BESS) performance. Design Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting The BESS was performed by all participants at three locations; 1) quiet laboratory, 2) football stadium sidelines, 3) basketball arena sidelines. Participants The experimental group had 38 participants (age: 20.1±1.1 years; height: 170.0±7.7 cm; mass: 66.7±9.5 kg) who were female intercollegiate student-athletes (SA). The control group consisted of 38 recreationally active female college students (age: 20.8±1.1 years; height: 162.6±6.0 cm; mass: 63.7±10.6 kg). Interventions The two groups performed the tests at the same locations, the SA group during live sporting events and the control group when no event was occurring. Main Outcome Measures The dependent variable was the total BESS score. Separate 2 × 3 mixed methods ANOVAs investigated the influence of the environment and practice effect. Results There was a significant interaction for group by environment (P=0.004) and the SA group committed more errors at both the football and basketball settings than the control group. The SA group also committed more errors at football (P=0.028) than baseline. The control group demonstrated a likely practice effect with fewer errors during each administration. Conclusions BESS score deteriorated when performed on the sidelines of a live sporting event potentially challenging the clinical utility of the BESS. Clinicians need to consider the role of the local environment when performing the BESS test and should perform post-injury tests in the same environment as the baseline test. Clinical Relevance When performing balance testing of patients with suspected concussions, clinicians need to consider the environment in which the test is performed and attempt to match the pre-season testing environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Sideline Performance of the Balance Error Scoring System during a Live Sporting Event

Rahn

Munkasy

Joyner

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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“…In the absence of the three foam stances, adding a timed tandem gait test24 71 72 (with a pass/fail score) may improve the sensitivity of balance testing. However, more research is needed in concussed athletes to establish the efficacy of the tandem gait.…”

Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-based approach to revising the SCAT2: introducing the SCAT3

et al. 2013

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The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2), which evolved from the 2008 Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) Consensus meeting, has been widely used internationally for the past 4 years. Although the instrument is considered very practical and moderately effective for use by clinicians who manage concussion, the utility and sensitivity of a 100-point scoring system for the SCAT2 has been questioned. The 2012 CISG Consensus Meeting provided an opportunity for several of the world's leading concussion researchers and clinicians to present data and to share experiences using the SCAT2. The purpose of this report is to consider recommendations by the CISG, and to review the current literature to identify the most sensitive and reliable concussion assessment components for inclusion in a revised version-the SCAT3. Through this process, it was determined that important clinical information can be ascertained in a streamlined manner through the use of a multimodal instrument such as the SCAT3. This test battery should include an initial assessment of injury severity using the Glasgow Coma Scale, immediately followed by observing and documenting concussion signs. Once this is complete, symptom endorsement and symptom severity, neurocognitive function and balance function should be assessed in any athlete suspected of sustaining a concussion. There is no evidence to support the use of a composite/total score; however, there is good evidence to support the use of each component (scored independently) in a revised assessment tool.

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“…Other improvements included the addition of several ‘visible’ or ‘observable’ signs of concussion and the option of using a more sensitive ‘foam’ component of the full BESS 6 7. A timed tandem gait test was also added as an alternative to the mBESS11 12. Additional information was added to the ‘Concussion injury advice’ section 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5): Background and rationale

et al. 2017

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This paper presents the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5), which is the most recent revision of a sport concussion evaluation tool for use by healthcare professionals in the acute evaluation of suspected concussion. The revision of the SCAT3 (first published in 2013) culminated in the SCAT5. The revision was based on a systematic review and synthesis of current research, public input and expert panel review as part of the 5th International Consensus Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Berlin in 2016. The SCAT5 is intended for use in those who are 13 years of age or older. The Child SCAT5 is a tool for those aged 5-12 years, which is discussed elsewhere.

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The effect of footwear and sports-surface on dynamic neurological screening for sport-related concussion

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Sideline Performance of the Balance Error Scoring System during a Live Sporting Event

Sideline Performance of the Balance Error Scoring System during a Live Sporting Event

Evidence-based approach to revising the SCAT2: introducing the SCAT3

The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5): Background and rationale

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